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Meta-Analysis
. 2021 Apr;27(3):431-438.
doi: 10.1111/odi.13322. Epub 2020 Mar 30.

Human papillomavirus prevalence in oral potentially malignant disorders: Systematic review and meta-analysis

Cecilie D de la Cour  1 , Cecilie D Sperling  1 , Federica Belmonte  2 , Stina Syrjänen  3   4 , Susanne K Kjaer  1   5
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Human papillomavirus prevalence in oral potentially malignant disorders: Systematic review and meta-analysis

Cecilie D de la Cour et al. Oral Dis. 2021 Apr.

Abstract

Objectives: We aimed to provide pooled estimates of human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence in oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) and evaluate the impact of presence of epithelial dysplasia.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases for studies that examined the prevalence of HPV DNA in OPMD tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Results: Across 52 eligible studies (2,677 cases), we found an overall pooled HPV prevalence of 22.5% (95% confidence interval [CI] 16.6-29.0). Between-study heterogeneity was 93%. When stratified by subgroup, the pooled HPV prevalence in leukoplakia (1,232 cases) was 20.2% (95% CI 11.2-31.1), lichen planus (767 cases) 23.0% (95% CI 15.0-32.2), oral submucous fibrosis (238 cases) 28.6% (95% CI 23.0-34.5), proliferative verrucous leukoplakia (60 cases) 24.7% (95% CI 1.8-62.0), and OPMD unspecified (377 cases) 25.4% (95% CI 16.2-35.8). Information on presence of epithelial dysplasia was available in 19 studies, and the results did not vary substantially between non-dysplastic and dysplastic samples. HPV16 was the predominant genotype among HPV-positive OPMD cases (48.2%, 95% CI 31.4-65.2).

Conclusion: We found a pooled HPV DNA prevalence of 22.5% in OPMD cases with great between-study heterogeneity. The HPV prevalence appeared to be comparable across subgroups and independent of epithelial dysplasia.

Keywords: meta-analysis; oral leukoplakia; oral lichen planus; oral pathology; oral submucous fibrosis; papillomaviridae.

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References

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