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Review
. 2020 May;109(5):531-538.
doi: 10.1007/s00392-020-01626-9. Epub 2020 Mar 11.

Prevalence and impact of cardiovascular metabolic diseases on COVID-19 in China

Bo Li  1 , Jing Yang  2   3 , Faming Zhao  4 , Lili Zhi  5 , Xiqian Wang  2 , Lin Liu  2 , Zhaohui Bi  2 , Yunhe Zhao  6
Affiliations
Review

Prevalence and impact of cardiovascular metabolic diseases on COVID-19 in China

Bo Li et al. Clin Res Cardiol. 2020 May.

Abstract

Background: Studies have reminded that cardiovascular metabolic comorbidities made patients more susceptible to suffer 2019 novel corona virus (2019-nCoV) disease (COVID-19), and exacerbated the infection. The aim of this analysis is to determine the association of cardiovascular metabolic diseases with the development of COVID-19.

Methods: A meta-analysis of eligible studies that summarized the prevalence of cardiovascular metabolic diseases in COVID-19 and compared the incidences of the comorbidities in ICU/severe and non-ICU/severe patients was performed. Embase and PubMed were searched for relevant studies.

Results: A total of six studies with 1527 patients were included in this analysis. The proportions of hypertension, cardia-cerebrovascular disease and diabetes in patients with COVID-19 were 17.1%, 16.4% and 9.7%, respectively. The incidences of hypertension, cardia-cerebrovascular diseases and diabetes were about twofolds, threefolds and twofolds, respectively, higher in ICU/severe cases than in their non-ICU/severe counterparts. At least 8.0% patients with COVID-19 suffered the acute cardiac injury. The incidence of acute cardiac injury was about 13 folds higher in ICU/severe patients compared with the non-ICU/severe patients.

Conclusion: Patients with previous cardiovascular metabolic diseases may face a greater risk of developing into the severe condition and the comorbidities can also greatly affect the prognosis of the COVID-19. On the other hand, COVID-19 can, in turn, aggravate the damage to the heart.

Keywords: 2019-nCoV; COVID-19; Cardiac injury; Cardiovascular metabolic diseases.

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Conflict of interest statement

None declared.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Flow diagram of the study selection process
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Meta-analysis for the proportion of hypertension, cardia-cerebrovascular disease and diabetes in COVID-19 cases. Weights are calculated from binary random-effects model analysis. Values represent proportions of the 3 diseases in the COVID-19 patients and 95% CI. Heterogeneity analysis was carried out using Q test, the among studies variation (I2 index). Forest plots depict the comparison of the incidences of the 3 diseases in ICU/severe and non-ICU/severe patients
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Meta-analysis for the incidence of cardiac injury in COVID-19 cases. Weights are calculated from binary random-effects model analysis. Values represent proportions of the cardiac injury in the COVID-19 patients and 95% CI. Heterogeneity analysis was carried out using Q test, the among studies variation (I2 index). Forest plots depict the comparison of the incidences of cardiac injury in ICU/severe and non-ICU/severe patients
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Funnel plots of the comparisons of hypertension, cardia-cerebrovascular disease, diabetes and acute cardiac injury between ICU/severe and non-ICU/severe patients
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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