Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2020 Mar 14;12(3):182.
doi: 10.3390/toxins12030182.

Mycotoxin Contamination Concerns of Herbs and Medicinal Plants

Affiliations
Review

Mycotoxin Contamination Concerns of Herbs and Medicinal Plants

Iwona Ałtyn et al. Toxins (Basel). .

Abstract

Plants and medicinal herbs that are available on the market do not always meet quality and safety standards. One particular concern is the risk of contamination with mycotoxins. Aflatoxins and ochratoxin A are the most frequently described mycotoxins in herbal products and have repeatedly been reported to occur at concentrations which exceed regulatory levels set by the European Union (EU). Possible solutions include enforcing existing limits, and for the new materials, establishing tighter limits and mandate the growth of medicinal plants in EU member countries under more strict conditions.

Keywords: chamomile; contamination; ginger; ginseng; herbs; liquorice; medicinal plants; milk thistle; mint; mycotoxins.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

References

    1. Ong C.K., Bodeker G. WHO Global Atlas of Traditional, Complementary, and Alternative Medicine. Kobe, Japan: World Health Organization, Centre for Health Development. [(accessed on 15 January 2020)];2005 Available online: https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/43108/9241562862_map.pd....
    1. World Health Organization WHO Guidelines for Assessing Quality of Herbal Medicines with Reference to Contaminants and Residues. [(accessed on 15 January 2020)];2007 Available online: https://apps.who.int/medicinedocs/documents/s14878e/s14878e.pdf.
    1. World Health Organization World Health Organization Resolution-Promotion and Development of Training and Research in Traditional Medicine. [(accessed on 10 January 2020)];1977 Available online: https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/93212/WHA30.49_eng.pdf?....
    1. Bent S. Herbal medicine in the United States: A review of efficacy, safety and regulation. J. Gen. Intern. Med. 2008;23:854–859. doi: 10.1007/s11606-008-0632-y. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Market Research Futures Global Herbal Medicine Market Research Report—Forecast to 2023. [(accessed on 10 December 2010)];2018 Available online: https://www.reuters.com/brandfeatures/venture-capital/article?id=32992.

Publication types

MeSH terms