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. 2020 Jan 10;11(2):725-734.
doi: 10.1364/BOE.383390. eCollection 2020 Feb 1.

Photobiomodulation of lymphatic drainage and clearance: perspective strategy for augmentation of meningeal lymphatic functions

Oxana Semyachkina-Glushkovskaya  1 , Arkady Abdurashitov  1   2 , Alexander Dubrovsky  1 , Maria Klimova  1 , Ilana Agranovich  1 , Andrey Terskov  1 , Alexander Shirokov  1   3 , Valeria Vinnik  1 , Anna Kuzmina  1 , Nikita Lezhnev  1 , Inna Blokhina  1 , Anastassia Shnitenkova  1 , Valery Tuchin  1   2   4 , Edik Rafailov  1   5 , Jurgen Kurths  1   6   7
Affiliations

Photobiomodulation of lymphatic drainage and clearance: perspective strategy for augmentation of meningeal lymphatic functions

Oxana Semyachkina-Glushkovskaya et al. Biomed Opt Express. .

Abstract

There is a hypothesis that augmentation of the drainage and clearing function of the meningeal lymphatic vessels (MLVs) might be a promising therapeutic target for preventing neurological diseases. Here we investigate mechanisms of photobiomodulation (PBM, 1267 nm) of lymphatic drainage and clearance. Our results obtained at optical coherence tomography (OCT) give strong evidence that low PBM doses (5 and 10 J/cm2) stimulate drainage function of the lymphatic vessels via vasodilation (OCT data on the mesenteric lymphatics) and stimulation of lymphatic clearance (OCT data on clearance of gold nanorods from the brain) that was supported by confocal imaging of clearance of FITC-dextran from the cortex via MLVs. We assume that PBM-mediated relaxation of the lymphatic vessels can be possible mechanisms underlying increasing the permeability of the lymphatic endothelium that allows molecules transported by the lymphatic vessels and explain PBM stimulation of lymphatic drainage and clearance. These findings open new strategies for the stimulation of MLVs functions and non-pharmacological therapy of brain diseases.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest related to this article.

Figures

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1.
Schematic illustration of PBM of function of mesenteric lymphatics.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2.
The PBM of lymphatic tone and contraction: I – PBM-dose related changes in tone of the mesenteric lymphatic vessels; II – The changes in diameter (um) of the mesenteric lymphatic vessels and lymph flow (um/sec) in them before and after tPBM (10 J/cm2); III - The illustration of changes in diameter of the mesenteric lymphatic vessel in systole (A) and diastole (C) before (A and C) after (B and D) PBM (10 J/cm2), scale bars are 100 µm (see also Visualization 1); IV – The time-related changes of diameter of the mesenteric lymphatic vessels before (A) and after (B) PBM (10 J/cm2), scale bars are 5 µm; V – Schematic illustration of PBM-mediated relaxation of the mesenteric lymphatic vessel; VI - The OCT monitoring of the rate of accumulation of GNRs in dcLN in untreated mice and in mice received tPBM (64 J/cm2 via the intact skull and 10 J/cm2 on the brain surface) after GNRs injection into the cisterna magna, the right lateral ventricle, the cortex, the hippocampus; *** - p < 0.001 vs. basal level. n = 10 in each group; VII – The illustration of clearance of FITC-dextran (green color) from the brain via MLVs (blue color), which are located close to the cerebral veins (red color, labeled by NG2).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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