Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2020 Mar 10:13:89-97.
doi: 10.2147/IJGM.S249011. eCollection 2020.

Major miRNA Involved in Insulin Secretion and Production in Beta-Cells

Mohsen Aghaei  1 , Ali Khodadadian  1 , Karimi-Nazari Elham  2 , Majid Nazari  1 , Emad Babakhanzadeh  1   3
Affiliations
Review

Major miRNA Involved in Insulin Secretion and Production in Beta-Cells

Mohsen Aghaei et al. Int J Gen Med. .

Abstract

Insulin is implicated as a leading factor in glucose homeostasis and an important theme in diabetes mellitus (DM). Numerous proteins are involved in insulin signaling pathway and their dysregulation contributes to DM. microRNAs (miRNAs) as single-strand molecules have a critical effect on gene expression at post-transcriptional levels. Intensive investigation done by DM researchers disclosed that miRNAs have a significant role in insulin secretion by direct targeting numerous proteins engaged in insulin signaling pathway; so, their dysregulation contributes to DM. In this review, we presented some major miRNAs engaged in the insulin production and secretion.

Keywords: diabetes mellitus; insulin; insulin signaling pathway; microRNAs.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

All authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Biogenesis and maturation of miRNA. miRNA genes are transcribed by RNA polymerase II, then long primary transcript (pri-miRNA) under cleavage by Drosha/DGCR8 complex to form a small hairpin-shaped RNA of ~65 nucleotides in length (pre-miRNA). After this, pre-miRNA is transmitted to the cytoplasm with the help of the XPO5/RanGTP complexes. Pre-miRNA is cleaved by Dicer next to the terminal loop. RNA duplex created by Dicer is subsequently loaded onto RISC complex and the passenger strand is removed. This complex can bind to their target mRNAs and lead to translational repression, mRNA degradation and even mRNA upregulation.
Figure 2
Figure 2
A summary of the major miRNAs involved in production and secretion of insulin and their interaction with targets.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Liu M, Weiss MA, Arunagiri A, et al. Biosynthesis, structure, and folding of the insulin precursor protein. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2018;20:28–50. doi:10.1111/dom.13378 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Rutter GA, Pullen T, Hodson D, et al. Pancreatic β-cell identity, glucose sensing and the control of insulin secretion. Biochem J. 2015;466(2):203–218. doi:10.1042/BJ20141384 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Fava E, Dehghany J, Ouwendijk J, et al. Novel standards in the measurement of rat insulin granules combining electron microscopy, high-content image analysis and in silico modelling. Diabetologia. 2012;55(4):1013–1023. doi:10.1007/s00125-011-2438-4 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Fernández-Real J, Pickup J. Innate immunity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Diabetologia. 2012;55(2):273–278. doi:10.1007/s00125-011-2387-y - DOI - PubMed
    1. Yin P. Architecture and Function of the Insulin Granule Secretion Machinery. Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis; 2018.