Human leukocyte migration inhibitory factor (LIF). I. Effect of synthetic and naturally occurring esterase and protease inhibitors

Abstract

The activity of leukocyte migration inhibitory factor (LIF) obtained from Sephadex-G-100-chromatographed supernatants of concanavalin-A-stimulated human lymphocytes was suppressed by two synthetic serine esterase and serine protease inhibitors (di-isopropylfluorophosphate (DFP) and phenylmethylfulfonyl fluoride (PMSF)). LIF activity was also reduced by the naturally occurring protease inhibitors soybean trypsin inhibitor and aprotinin. The observed effect of DFP and PMSF was irreversible, since elimination of the inhibitors by dialysis did not restore LIF activity. The effect of PMSF was dose-, time-, and temperature-dependent, and hydrolytic products of PMSF as well as sodium fluoride were inactive in blocking LIF. These results suggest that LIF may act as a serine esterase or a serine protease, or both of these, and that this putative enzyme is present in an activated form in supernatants from mitogen-stimulated mononuclear cells.