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. 2020 Mar 10:9:176.
doi: 10.12688/f1000research.22274.2. eCollection 2020.

First derivative ATR-FTIR spectroscopic method as a green tool for the quantitative determination of diclofenac sodium tablets

Khairi M S Fahelelbom  1 , Abdullah Saleh  1   2 , Ramez Mansour  1 , Sadik Sayed  1
Affiliations

First derivative ATR-FTIR spectroscopic method as a green tool for the quantitative determination of diclofenac sodium tablets

Khairi M S Fahelelbom et al. F1000Res. .

Abstract

Background: Attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy is a rapid quantitative method which has been applied for pharmaceutical analysis. This work describes the utility of first derivative ATR-FTIR spectroscopy in the quantitative determination of diclofenac sodium tablets. Methods: This analytical quantitative technique depends on a first derivative measurement of the area of infrared bands corresponding to the CO stretching range of 1550-1605 cm -1. The specificity, linearity, detection limits, precision and accuracy of the calibration curve, the infrared analysis and data manipulation were determined in order to validate the method. The statistical results were compared with other methods for the quantification of diclofenac sodium. Results: The excipients in the commercial tablet preparation did not interfere with the assay. Excellent linearity was found for the drug concentrations in the range 0.2 - 1.5 w/w %. (r 2= 0.9994). Precision of the method was assessed by the repeated analysis of diclofenac sodium tablets; the results obtained showed small standard deviation and relative standard deviation values, which indicates that the method is quite precise. The high percentage of recovery of diclofenac sodium tablets (99.81, 101.54 and 99.41%) demonstrate the compliance of the obtained recoveries with the pharmacopeial percent recovery. The small limit of detection and limit of quantification values (0.0528 and 0.1599 w/w %, respectively) obtained by this method indicate the high sensitivity of the method. Conclusions: First derivative ATR-FTIR spectroscopy showed high accuracy and precision, is considered as nondestructive, green, low cost and rapid, and can be applied easily for the pharmaceutical quantitative determination of diclofenac sodium tablet formulations.

Keywords: Diclofenac sodium tablet; FTIR spectroscopy; first derivative; infrared quantitative analysis; method development.

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Conflict of interest statement

No competing interests were disclosed.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.. Chemical formula of diclofenac sodium.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
( a) Spectrum of pure diclofenac sodium mixed with potassium bromide (KBr; 0.6% w/w). ( b) First derivative spectrum of pure diclofenac sodium mixed with KBr (0.6% w/w).
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
( a) Overlay spectra of different diclofenac sodium reference substance concentrations. ( b) Calibration curve of diclofenac sodium showing the linear regression equation. ( c) Direct Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of Olfen Tablet. ( d) First derivative FTIR spectra of Olfen Tablet.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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