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. 2020 Mar 5;11(11):3407-3415.
doi: 10.7150/jca.40196. eCollection 2020.

Sex Differences and Adverse Effects between Chemotherapy and Immunotherapy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Theodora Tsiouda  1 , Chrisanthi Sardeli  2 , Konstantinos Porpodis  3 , Maria Pilikidou  1 , Georgios Apostolidis  1 , Krystallia Kyrka  1 , Angeliki Miziou  1 , Konstantina Kyrka  1 , Zoi Tsingerlioti  1 , Souzana Papadopoulou  1 , Anta Heva  1 , Charilaos Koulouris  4 , Dimitrios Giannakidis  4 , Konstantina Boniou  4 , Isaak Kesisoglou  4 , Anastasios Vagionas  4 , Christoforos Kosmidis  4 , Christina Sevva  4 , George Papazisis  2 , Alexandru Marian Goganau  5 , Konstantinos Sapalidis  4 , Kosmas Tsakiridis  6 , Stavros Tryfon  7 , Michalis Platanas  8 , Sofia Baka  9 , Bojan Zaric  10 , Branislav Perin  10 , Savvas Petanidis  11 , Paul Zarogoulidis  4
Affiliations

Sex Differences and Adverse Effects between Chemotherapy and Immunotherapy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Theodora Tsiouda et al. J Cancer. .

Abstract

Introduction: Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer mortality in men and women and around the world. Approximately 90% of cases of lung cancer are caused by smoking and the use of tobacco products. However, other factors such as asbestos, air pollution and chronic infections can contribute to pulmonary carcinogenesis. Lung cancer is divided into two broad histological categories, which develop and spread different small cell lung carcinomas and non-small cell lung carcinomas. The treatment options for lung cancer include surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and targeted treatments. Tumor induced immune suppression is vital for malignant progression. Immunotherapies act by strengthening the patient's innate tendency for an immune response and give positive promise to patients with non-small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer. Immune checkpoint inhibitors are a new approach to cancer therapies. Just as immune therapies include a new approach to cancer biology, the toxicities associated with these factors have created new challenges in clinical practice. Materials & Methods: Patients (218) aged 40-80 years were treated with either chemotherapy or immunotherapy. Their response to treatment and any subsequent adverse drug reactions were studied. Results: 69% of patients were treated with chemotherapy and 31% were treated with immunotherapy. The type of treatment had a statistically significant effect on the undesirable effects of the treatment. Conclusions: The type of treatment was statistically significant in responding to the treatment and treatment side effects but not in the rate of death.

Keywords: Lung cancer; adverse effects; chemotherapy; immunotherapy.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interest exists.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Key contributors to pulmonary carcinogenesis.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Age demographic of patients present in the current study (N = 336).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Proportion of patients administered either chemotherapy or immunotherapy.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Patient response to chemotherapy. SD: stable disease; CR: complete remission; PR: partial remission and, PD: progressively worsening disease.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Patient response to immunotherapy. SD: stable disease; CR: complete remission; PR: partial remission and, PD: progressively worsening disease.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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