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. 2020 Mar 31;21(1):16.
doi: 10.1186/s12865-020-00344-1.

Identification of differentially expressed circulating exosomal lncRNAs in IgA nephropathy patients

Na Guo  1 , Qin Zhou  2 , Xiang Huang  1 , Jianwen Yu  2 , Qianqian Han  1 , Baoting Nong  3 , Yuanyan Xiong  3 , Peifen Liang  1 , Jiajia Li  1 , Min Feng  1 , Jun Lv  1 , Qiongqiong Yang  4
Affiliations

Identification of differentially expressed circulating exosomal lncRNAs in IgA nephropathy patients

Na Guo et al. BMC Immunol. .

Abstract

Background: Although immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is one of the foremost primary glomerular disease, treatment of IgAN is still in infancy. Non-invasive biomarkers are urgently needed for IgAN diagnosis. We investigate the difference in expression profiles of exosomal long non-coding-RNAs (lncRNAs) in plasma from IgAN patients compared with their healthy first-degree relatives, which may reveal novel non-invasive IgAN biomarkers.

Methods: We isolated exosomes from the plasma of both IgAN patients and their healthy first-degree relatives. High-throughput RNA sequencing and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to validate lncRNA expression profiles. Pathway enrichment analysis was used to predict their nearest protein-coding genes.

Results: lncRNA-G21551 was significantly down-regulated in IgAN patients. Interestingly, the nearest protein-coding gene of lncRNA-G21551 was found to be encoding the low affinity receptor of the Fc segment of immunoglobulin G (FCGR3B).

Conclusions: Exosomal lncRNA-G21551, with FCGR3B as the nearest protein-coding gene, was down-regulated in IgAN patients, indicating its potential to serve as a non-invasive biomarker for IgAN.

Keywords: Biomarker; Exosome; High-throughput sequencing; IgA nephropathy; Long non-coding RNAs.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Characterization of exosomes isolated from plasma. a The distribution of exosome size by DLS analysis. b Flow cytometry analysis of the exosomal surface markers CD63 and CD81. c Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) images of isolated exosomes. Scale bar, 100 nm
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Differential expression profile of lncRNA in IgAN patients of RNA-seq (n = 6) and relatives (n = 6) of RNA-seq. (a) Heatmap of 70 lncRNAs that are differentially expressed between the two groups. The row z-score depict the lncRNAs expression values (b) Volcano plot of the differentially expressed lncRNAs between the two groups, the green, red and black dots represent down-regulated, up-regulated, and non-significance lncRNAs respectively. Cutoff: FDR < 0.05, fold change > 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Validation of differentially expressed lncRNAs by qRT-PCR between IgAN patients and their healthy first-degree relatives. a lncRNA-G21551. b lnc-SPATA31E1–10. c lncRNA-G111779. Gene expression was calculated by the 2-ΔΔct method and normalized to external reference λpolyA+ RNA compared with the maximum ΔCt
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