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Review
. 2020 Mar 30;17(7):2326.
doi: 10.3390/ijerph17072326.

Diet, Lifestyle and Cardiovascular Diseases: Linking Pathophysiology to Cardioprotective Effects of Natural Bioactive Compounds

Javad Sharifi-Rad  1 , Célia F Rodrigues  2 , Farukh Sharopov  3 , Anca Oana Docea  4 , Aslı Can Karaca  5 , Mehdi Sharifi-Rad  6 , Derya Kahveci Karıncaoglu  5 , Gözde Gülseren  7 , Ezgi Şenol  7 , Evren Demircan  7 , Yasaman Taheri  8 , Hafiz Ansar Rasul Suleria  9 , Beraat Özçelik  5   10 , Kadriye Nur Kasapoğlu  5 , Mine Gültekin-Özgüven  5 , Ceren Daşkaya-Dikmen  11 , William C Cho  12 , Natália Martins  13   14 , Daniela Calina  15
Affiliations
Review

Diet, Lifestyle and Cardiovascular Diseases: Linking Pathophysiology to Cardioprotective Effects of Natural Bioactive Compounds

Javad Sharifi-Rad et al. Int J Environ Res Public Health. .

Abstract

Heart and blood vessels disorders comprise one of the main causes of death worldwide. Pharmacologically active natural compounds have been used as a complementary therapy in cardiovascular disease around the world in a traditional way. Dietary, natural bioactive compounds, as well as healthy lifestyles, are considered to prevent coronary artery diseases. Pre-clinical and clinical studies reported that consumption of plant-food bioactive derivatives including polyphenolic compounds, peptides, oligosaccharides, vitamins, unsaturated fatty acids possess protective effects on cardiovascular diseases. This review aims to summarize the cardiovascular risk factors, pre-clinical studies and clinical trials related to cardioprotective properties of the plant-food-derived bioactive compounds. Molecular mechanisms by the natural bioactive compounds exert their cardiovascular protective properties have also been highlighted.

Keywords: arterial hypertension; atherosclerosis; cardio-protective pharmacotherapy; classical and emerging risk factors; coronary artery disease; diabetes; diet; food; lifestyle; plant-food bioactive compounds.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Chemical structures of some omega-3 fatty acids.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Schematic overview of CV risk factors, pathophysiology of CV diseases and the cardioprotective mechanisms and effects of plant-food derived bioactive compounds. Abbreviations: Cardiovascular (CV), Nitric oxide (NO), Reactive oxygen species (ROS), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Janus tyrosine kinase 2(JAK2), Triglycerides (TG), Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE).
Figure 3
Figure 3
The structure of oleuropein.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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