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Meta-Analysis
. 2020 Aug 1;58(2):221-229.
doi: 10.1093/ejcts/ezaa087.

Mortality in trials on transcatheter aortic valve implantation versus surgical aortic valve replacement: a pooled meta-analysis of Kaplan-Meier-derived individual patient data

Fabio Barili  1 , Nicholas Freemantle  2 , Alberto Pilozzi Casado  1 , Mauro Rinaldi  3 , Thierry Folliguet  4 , Francesco Musumeci  5 , Gino Gerosa  6 , Alessandro Parolari  7
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Mortality in trials on transcatheter aortic valve implantation versus surgical aortic valve replacement: a pooled meta-analysis of Kaplan-Meier-derived individual patient data

Fabio Barili et al. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. .

Erratum in

Abstract

Objectives: This meta-analysis of Kaplan-Meier-estimated individual patient data was designed to evaluate the effects of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) and surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) on the long-term all-cause mortality rate, to examine the potential time-varying effect and to model their hazard ratios (HRs) over time. Moreover, we sought to compare traditional meta-analytic tools and estimated individual patient data meta-analyses.

Methods: Trials comparing TAVI versus SAVR were identified through Medline, Embase, Cochrane databases and specialist websites. The primary outcome was death from any cause at follow-up. Enhanced secondary analyses of survival curves were performed estimating individual patient time-to-event data from published Kaplan-Meier curves. Treatments were compared with the random effect Cox model in a landmark framework and fully parametric models.

Results: We identified 6 eligible trials that included 6367 participants, randomly assigned to undergo TAVI (3252) or SAVR (3115). According to the landmark analysis, the incidence of death in the first year after implantation was significantly lower in the TAVI group [risk-profile stratified HR 0.85, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.73-0.99; P = 0.04], whereas there was a reversal of the HR after 40 months (risk-profile stratified HR 1.31, 95% CI 1.01-1.68; P = 0.04) favouring SAVR over TAVI. This time-varying trend of HRs was also confirmed by a fully parametric time-to-event model. Traditional meta-analytic tools were shown to be biased because they did not intercept heterogeneity and the time-varying effect.

Conclusions: The mortality rates in trials of TAVI versus SAVR are affected by treatments with a time-varying effect. TAVI is related to better survival in the first months after implantation whereas, after 40 months, it is a risk factor for all-cause mortality.

Keywords: Aortic valve; Surgical aortic valve replacement; Transcatheter aortic valve implantation.

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Comment in

  • What we see depends on what we look for.
    Tomšič A, Klautz RJM. Tomšič A, et al. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2020 Nov 1;58(5):1105. doi: 10.1093/ejcts/ezaa175. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2020. PMID: 32514533 Free PMC article. No abstract available.
  • Reply to Tomšič and Klautz.
    Barili F, Gerosa G, Parolari A. Barili F, et al. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2020 Nov 1;58(5):1105-1106. doi: 10.1093/ejcts/ezaa177. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2020. PMID: 32535619 No abstract available.

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