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. 2020 Mar-Apr;62(2):137-146.
doi: 10.21149/10520.

Dyslipidemia prevalence, awareness, treatment and control in Mexico: results of the Ensanut 2012

César Hernández-Alcaraz  1 , Carlos A Aguilar-Salinas  2 , Kenny Mendoza-Herrera  1 , Andrea Pedroza-Tobías  1   3 , Salvador Villalpando  1 , Teresa Shamah-Levy  4 , Juan Rivera-Dommarco  5 , Mauricio Hernández-Ávila  6 , Simón Barquera  1
Affiliations

Dyslipidemia prevalence, awareness, treatment and control in Mexico: results of the Ensanut 2012

César Hernández-Alcaraz et al. Salud Publica Mex. 2020 Mar-Apr.

Abstract
in English, Spanish

Objective: To describe in a national sample 1) the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of dyslipidemias 2) the prevalence of dyslipidemias through previous national surveys.

Materials and methods: We analyzed data of the National Health and Nutrition Survey 2012, a representative cross-sectional study. Serum samples of 9 566 adults ≥20 years old with fasting ≥8 hours were analyzed for lipid fractions. Age-adjusted prevalences were calculated, by sociodemographic variables. Prevalence of awareness, treatment and control was estimated. A description of the dyslipidemia prevalence reported in previous surveys is reported.

Results: Hypoalphalipoproteinemia and elevated LDL-C are the most prevalent dyslipidemias in Mexican adults. One in four adults had hypercholesterolemia at the moment of the interview without previous diagnosis. Awareness, treatment and control of dyslipidemia were 12.6, 3.7 and 3.1%, respec- tively.

Conclusions: Dyslipidemias are the most prevalent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases in Mexico. Public policies to increase awareness, access to therapy and sustained control are urgently needed.

Objetivo: Describir en una muestra nacional 1) la prevalencia de dislipidemias, su diagnóstico previo, tratamiento y control, y 2) la prevalencia de dislipidemias en las encuestas previas.

Material y métodos: Se analizaron datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición 2012 con representatividad nacional. Se analizaron fracciones de lípidos séricos de 9 566 adultos ≥20 años con ayuno ≥8 horas. Se estimaron las prevalencias de dislipidemias, diagnóstico previo (DP), tratamiento y control, ajustadas por edad. Se presenta un análisis comparativo de las prevalencias de dislipidemias reportadas previamente.

Resultados: Las dislipidemias más prevalentes en adultos mexicanos fueron hipoalfalipoprotei- nemia y LDL-C elevado. Uno de cada cuatro adultos tenía hipercolesterolemia al momento de la entrevista, sin DP. El DP, tratamiento y control de dislipidemias fue de 12.6, 3.7 y 3.1%, respectivamente.

Conclusiones: Las dislipidemias son el factor de riesgo para enfermedades cardiovasculares más prevalente en adultos mexicanos. Se necesitan políticas públicas para incrementar el diagnóstico, acceso a terapia y control.

Keywords: Mexico; dyslipidemias; nutrition surveys; prevention and control.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of conflict of interests. The authors declare that they have no conflict of interests.