Essential Role of Patient Blood Management in a Pandemic: A Call for Action

doi:10.1213/ANE.0000000000004844

Review

. 2020 Jul;131(1):74-85.

doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000004844.

Essential Role of Patient Blood Management in a Pandemic: A Call for Action

Aryeh Shander¹, Susan M Goobie², Matthew A Warner³, Matti Aapro⁴, Elvira Bisbe⁵, Angel A Perez-Calatayud⁶, Jeannie Callum⁷, Melissa M Cushing⁸, Wayne B Dyer⁹, Jochen Erhard¹⁰, David Faraoni¹¹, Shannon Farmer^{12

13}, Tatyana Fedorova¹⁴, Steven M Frank¹⁵, Bernd Froessler^{16

17}, Hans Gombotz¹⁸, Irwin Gross^{19

20}, Nicole R Guinn²¹, Thorsten Haas²², Jeffrey Hamdorf²³, James P Isbister²⁴, Mazyar Javidroozi¹, Hongwen Ji²⁵, Young-Woo Kim²⁶, Daryl J Kor³, Johann Kurz^{27

28}, Sigismond Lasocki²⁹, Michael F Leahy³⁰, Cheuk-Kwong Lee³¹, Jeong Jae Lee³², Vernon Louw³³, Jens Meier³⁴, Anna Mezzacasa³⁵, Manuel Munoz³⁶, Sherri Ozawa³⁷, Marco Pavesi³⁸, Nina Shander³⁹, Donat R Spahn⁴⁰, Bruce D Spiess⁴¹, Jackie Thomson⁴², Kevin Trentino^{43

44}, Christoph Zenger⁴⁵, Axel Hofmann^{46

47

48}; International Foundation of Patient Blood Management (IFPBM) and Society for the Advancement of Blood Management (SABM) Work Group

Affiliations

¹ From the Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Hyperbaric Medicine, Englewood Health, Englewood, New Jersey.
² Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
³ Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
⁴ Cancer Center Clinique Genolier, Genolier, Switzerland.
⁵ Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative Medicine Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.
⁶ Department of Critical Care, Hospital General de Mexico Dr Eduardo Liceaga, Mexico City, Mexico.
⁷ Laboratory Medicine and Molecular Diagnostics, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
⁸ Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York.
⁹ Australian Red Cross Lifeblood and Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
¹⁰ Department of Surgery, Evangelisches Klinikum Niederrhein, Duisburg, Germany.
¹¹ Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
¹² Medical School, Division of Surgery, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
¹³ School of Health Sciences and Graduate Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
¹⁴ Institute of Anesthesiology, Resuscitation and Transfusiology of the National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Acad. V. I. Kulakov, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
¹⁵ Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland.
¹⁶ Department of Anesthesia, Lyell McEwin Hospital, Elizabeth Vale, South Australia, Australia.
¹⁷ Discipline of Acute Care Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
¹⁸ Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, General Hospital Linz, Linz, Austria.
¹⁹ Northern Light Health, Brewer, Maine.
²⁰ Accumen, Inc, San Diego, California.
²¹ Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.
²² Department of Anesthesiology, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
²³ Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Western Australia Patient Blood Management Group, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
²⁴ Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
²⁵ Department of Anesthesiology and Transfusion Medicine, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
²⁶ Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, National Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy and Center for Gastric Cancer, National Cancer Center, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang, Korea.
²⁷ Austrian Federal Ministry of Health, Vienna, Austria.
²⁸ Department Applied Sciences, University of Applied Sciences, Vienna, Austria.
²⁹ Département Anesthésie-Réanimation, Anesthésie Samu Urgences Réanimation, CHU Angers, Angers, France.
³⁰ Department of Haematology, PathWest Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
³¹ Hong Kong Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
³² Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
³³ Division Clinical Haematology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
³⁴ Clinic of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria.
³⁵ Vifor Pharma, Glattbrugg, Switzerland.
³⁶ Department of Surgical Sciences, Biochemistry and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain.
³⁷ Patient Blood Management, Englewood Health, Englewood, New Jersey.
³⁸ Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy.
³⁹ Jerry M. Wallace School of Osteopathic Medicine, Campbell University, Buies Creek, North Carolina.
⁴⁰ Institute of Anesthesiology, University of Zurich, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
⁴¹ Department of Anesthesiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida.
⁴² South African National Blood Service, Johannesburg, South Africa.
⁴³ Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
⁴⁴ Data and Digital Innovation, East Metropolitan Health Service, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
⁴⁵ Center for Health Law and Management, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
⁴⁶ Institute of Anesthesiology, University of Zurich and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
⁴⁷ Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia.
⁴⁸ School of Health Sciences and Graduate Studies, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.

PMID: 32243296
PMCID: PMC7173035
DOI: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000004844

Review

Essential Role of Patient Blood Management in a Pandemic: A Call for Action

Aryeh Shander et al. Anesth Analg. 2020 Jul.

. 2020 Jul;131(1):74-85.

doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000004844.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ From the Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Hyperbaric Medicine, Englewood Health, Englewood, New Jersey.
² Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
³ Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
⁴ Cancer Center Clinique Genolier, Genolier, Switzerland.
⁵ Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative Medicine Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.
⁶ Department of Critical Care, Hospital General de Mexico Dr Eduardo Liceaga, Mexico City, Mexico.
⁷ Laboratory Medicine and Molecular Diagnostics, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
⁸ Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York.
⁹ Australian Red Cross Lifeblood and Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
¹⁰ Department of Surgery, Evangelisches Klinikum Niederrhein, Duisburg, Germany.
¹¹ Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
¹² Medical School, Division of Surgery, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
¹³ School of Health Sciences and Graduate Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
¹⁴ Institute of Anesthesiology, Resuscitation and Transfusiology of the National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Acad. V. I. Kulakov, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
¹⁵ Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland.
¹⁶ Department of Anesthesia, Lyell McEwin Hospital, Elizabeth Vale, South Australia, Australia.
¹⁷ Discipline of Acute Care Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
¹⁸ Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, General Hospital Linz, Linz, Austria.
¹⁹ Northern Light Health, Brewer, Maine.
²⁰ Accumen, Inc, San Diego, California.
²¹ Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.
²² Department of Anesthesiology, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
²³ Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Western Australia Patient Blood Management Group, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
²⁴ Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
²⁵ Department of Anesthesiology and Transfusion Medicine, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
²⁶ Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, National Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy and Center for Gastric Cancer, National Cancer Center, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang, Korea.
²⁷ Austrian Federal Ministry of Health, Vienna, Austria.
²⁸ Department Applied Sciences, University of Applied Sciences, Vienna, Austria.
²⁹ Département Anesthésie-Réanimation, Anesthésie Samu Urgences Réanimation, CHU Angers, Angers, France.
³⁰ Department of Haematology, PathWest Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
³¹ Hong Kong Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
³² Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
³³ Division Clinical Haematology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
³⁴ Clinic of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria.
³⁵ Vifor Pharma, Glattbrugg, Switzerland.
³⁶ Department of Surgical Sciences, Biochemistry and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain.
³⁷ Patient Blood Management, Englewood Health, Englewood, New Jersey.
³⁸ Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy.
³⁹ Jerry M. Wallace School of Osteopathic Medicine, Campbell University, Buies Creek, North Carolina.
⁴⁰ Institute of Anesthesiology, University of Zurich, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
⁴¹ Department of Anesthesiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida.
⁴² South African National Blood Service, Johannesburg, South Africa.
⁴³ Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
⁴⁴ Data and Digital Innovation, East Metropolitan Health Service, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
⁴⁵ Center for Health Law and Management, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
⁴⁶ Institute of Anesthesiology, University of Zurich and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
⁴⁷ Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia.
⁴⁸ School of Health Sciences and Graduate Studies, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.

PMID: 32243296
PMCID: PMC7173035
DOI: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000004844

Abstract

The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a pandemic. Global health care now faces unprecedented challenges with widespread and rapid human-to-human transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and high morbidity and mortality with COVID-19 worldwide. Across the world, medical care is hampered by a critical shortage of not only hand sanitizers, personal protective equipment, ventilators, and hospital beds, but also impediments to the blood supply. Blood donation centers in many areas around the globe have mostly closed. Donors, practicing social distancing, some either with illness or undergoing self-quarantine, are quickly diminishing. Drastic public health initiatives have focused on containment and "flattening the curve" while invaluable resources are being depleted. In some countries, the point has been reached at which the demand for such resources, including donor blood, outstrips the supply. Questions as to the safety of blood persist. Although it does not appear very likely that the virus can be transmitted through allogeneic blood transfusion, this still remains to be fully determined. As options dwindle, we must enact regional and national shortage plans worldwide and more vitally disseminate the knowledge of and immediately implement patient blood management (PBM). PBM is an evidence-based bundle of care to optimize medical and surgical patient outcomes by clinically managing and preserving a patient's own blood. This multinational and diverse group of authors issue this "Call to Action" underscoring "The Essential Role of Patient Blood Management in the Management of Pandemics" and urging all stakeholders and providers to implement the practical and commonsense principles of PBM and its multiprofessional and multimodality approaches.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of Interest: See Disclosures at the end of the article.

Comment in

Potential Role of Reticulocyte Hemoglobin in Facilitating Patient Blood Management.
Hönemann C, Doll D, Luedi MM, Zimmermann M. Hönemann C, et al. Anesth Analg. 2021 Jun 1;132(6):e108-e109. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000005491. Anesth Analg. 2021. PMID: 34032672 No abstract available.
In Response.
Warner MA, Guinn NR. Warner MA, et al. Anesth Analg. 2021 Jun 1;132(6):e109-e110. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000005493. Anesth Analg. 2021. PMID: 34032674 Free PMC article. No abstract available.

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References

1. Schmidt PJ. Blood and disaster–supply and demand. N Engl J Med. 2002;346:617–620. - PubMed
1. Zaheer HA, Waheed U. Blood transfusion service in disasters. Transfus Apher Sci. 2016;55:186–190. - PubMed
1. Landro L. New flu victim: blood supply. The Wall Street Journal.November 1, 2009. Available at: https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748703808904574525570410593800. Accessed April 9, 2020.
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[1] Schmidt PJ. Blood and disaster–supply and demand. N Engl J Med. 2002;346:617–620. - PubMed

[2] Schmidt PJ. Blood and disaster–supply and demand. N Engl J Med. 2002;346:617–620. - PubMed

[3] Zaheer HA, Waheed U. Blood transfusion service in disasters. Transfus Apher Sci. 2016;55:186–190. - PubMed

[4] Zaheer HA, Waheed U. Blood transfusion service in disasters. Transfus Apher Sci. 2016;55:186–190. - PubMed

[5] Landro L. New flu victim: blood supply. The Wall Street Journal.November 1, 2009. Available at: https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748703808904574525570410593800. Accessed April 9, 2020.

[6] Landro L. New flu victim: blood supply. The Wall Street Journal.November 1, 2009. Available at: https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748703808904574525570410593800. Accessed April 9, 2020.

[7] Maintaining a safe and adequate blood supply during pandemic influenza: guidelines for blood transfusion services. 2011. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; Available at: https://www.who.int/bloodsafety/publications/WHO_Guidelines_on_Pandemic_.... Accessed April 9, 2020.

[8] Maintaining a safe and adequate blood supply during pandemic influenza: guidelines for blood transfusion services. 2011. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; Available at: https://www.who.int/bloodsafety/publications/WHO_Guidelines_on_Pandemic_.... Accessed April 9, 2020.

[9] New York Blood Center expands capacity at donors centers; urges healthy donors to schedule appointments to maintain blood supply at this critical time. 2020March19 New York, NY: New York Blood Center; Available at: https://nybloodcenter.org/news/articles/new-york-blood-center-expands-ca.... Accessed March 25, 2020.

[10] New York Blood Center expands capacity at donors centers; urges healthy donors to schedule appointments to maintain blood supply at this critical time. 2020March19 New York, NY: New York Blood Center; Available at: https://nybloodcenter.org/news/articles/new-york-blood-center-expands-ca.... Accessed March 25, 2020.

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Essential Role of Patient Blood Management in a Pandemic: A Call for Action

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Essential Role of Patient Blood Management in a Pandemic: A Call for Action

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Affiliations

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