Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2020 Mar 20;9(3):858.
doi: 10.3390/jcm9030858.

Analysis of Predisposing Factors for Rapid Dental Calculus Formation

Carla Fons-Badal  1 , Antonio Fons-Font  1 , Carlos Labaig-Rueda  1 , M Fernanda Solá-Ruiz  1 , Eduardo Selva-Otaolaurruchi  1 , Rubén Agustín-Panadero  1
Affiliations

Analysis of Predisposing Factors for Rapid Dental Calculus Formation

Carla Fons-Badal et al. J Clin Med. .

Abstract

Background: Calculus accumulation varies widely between individuals. Dental calculus has been associated with the principal periodontal diseases. The aim of this study was to analyze individual characteristics, and salivary and microbiological parameters among patients considered to be rapid calculus formers and patients who form calculus slowly.

Methods: Individual characteristics were recorded in a sample of 74 patients (age, sex, smoking, periodontal diagnosis, and dental crowding), as well as salivary parameters (unstimulated saliva flow, pH, and biochemical analysis of saliva) and microbiological parameters (by means of semi-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis).

Results: A statistically significant association (p = 0.002) was found between the rate of calculus formation and the diagnosis of periodontal disease. A greater presence of dental crowding was observed among the group of rapid calculus formers. Urea and phosphorus levels were higher among rapid calculus formers. Regarding microbiological parameters, differences were found in Streptococcus mutans, this being higher in the group of slow formers.

Conclusions: Rapid calculus formation appears to be linked to patients diagnosed with more severe periodontal diseases. Rapid calculus-forming patients present more dental crowding and a lower proportion of S. mutans.

Keywords: dental calculus; heavy calculus formers; oral bacteria.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

This manuscript has not been published and is not under consideration for publication elsewhere. We have no conflicts of interest to disclose and all authors have approved the manuscript, agreeing to its submission.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Pie chart showing sample distribution into two groups.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Graph showing the distribution of periodontal diagnoses in rapid and slow calculus formation groups.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Distribution of dental crowding in rapid and slow calculus formers.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Distribution of urea and phosphorus in the two groups.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Percentage of bacteria analyzed in the groups of rapid and slow calculus formers.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Bacteria distribution by group.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Relation between phosphorus levels and dental crowding.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Relationship between levels of urea and dental crowding.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Mandel I.D., Gaffar A. Calculus revisited. A review. J. Clin. Periodontol. 1986;13:249–257. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.1986.tb02219.x. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Roberts-Harry E.A., Clerehugh V. Subgingival calculus: Where are we now? A comparative review. J. Dent. 2000;28:93–102. doi: 10.1016/S0300-5712(99)00056-1. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Suomi J.D., Greene J.C., Vermillion J.R., Doyle J., Chang J.J., Leatherwood E.C. The effect of controlled oral hygiene procedures on the progression of periddontal disease in adults: Results after third and final year. J. Periodontol. 1971;42:152–160. doi: 10.1902/jop.1971.42.3.152. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Osuoji C.I., Rowles S.L. Isolation and identification of acid glycosaminoglycans in oral calculus. Arch. Oral Biol. 1972;17:211–214. doi: 10.1016/0003-9969(72)90149-5. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Slomiany A., Slomiany B., Mandel I. Lipid composition of human parotid saliva from light and heavy dental calculus-formers. Arch. Oral Boil. 1981;26:151–152. doi: 10.1016/0003-9969(81)90087-X. - DOI - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources