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. 2020:27:22.
doi: 10.1051/parasite/2020020. Epub 2020 Apr 7.

Demonstration of resistance to satyrization behavior in Aedes aegypti from La Réunion island

Hamidou Maïga  1 , Jérémie R L Gilles  2 , Rosemary Susan Lees  3 , Hanano Yamada  2 , Jérémy Bouyer  2
Affiliations

Demonstration of resistance to satyrization behavior in Aedes aegypti from La Réunion island

Hamidou Maïga et al. Parasite. 2020.

Abstract
in English, French

Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus are competent vectors of arboviruses such as dengue and chikungunya viruses which co-exist in some areas, including La Réunion island, Indian Ocean. A type of reproductive interference called satyrization has been described in sympatric species where dominant species mating fails to produce hybrids and thus reduces the fitness and tends to control the spread of the other species. Here, we investigated satyrization in laboratory experiments to provide insights on the potential impact on Ae. aegypti of a control campaign including a sterile insect technique component against Ae. albopictus. Different mating crosses were used to test sympatric, conspecific-interspecific and allopatric effects of irradiated and non-irradiated male Ae. albopictus on female Ae. aegypti, including in a situation of skewed male ratio. Our results suggest that there was only a low level of satyrization between sympatric populations of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus colonized from La Réunion island. A male Ae. albopictus to female Ae. aegypti ratio of 3:1 did not increase the level of satyrization. Female Ae. aegypti previously mated to male Ae. albopictus were not prevented from being inseminated by conspecific males. A satyrization effect was not seen between allopatric Ae. albopictus and Ae. aegypti strains from La Réunion Island either. The tested Ae. aegypti strain from La Réunion island has therefore developed full resistance to satyrization and so releasing sterile male Ae. albopictus may not suppress Ae. aegypti populations if an overflooding of irradiated male Ae. albopictus leads to similar results. The management strategy of two competent species in a sympatric area is discussed.

Title: Démonstration de la résistance au comportement de satyrisation chez Aedes aegypti de l’île de La Réunion.

Abstract: Aedes aegypti et Aedes albopictus sont des vecteurs compétents d’arbovirus, tels que les virus de la dengue et du chikungunya, qui coexistent dans certaines régions, y compris à La Réunion, dans l’Océan Indien. Une interférence sur la reproduction appelée satyrisation a été décrite chez les espèces sympatriques où l’accouplement d’une espèce dominante ne produit pas d’hybrides et donc réduit le succès reproducteur et tend à contrôler la propagation des autres espèces. Ici, nous avons étudié la satyrisation dans des expériences de laboratoire pour fournir des informations sur l’impact potentiel sur Ae. aegypti d’une campagne de lutte contre Ae. albopictus basée sur la technique de l’insecte stérile. Différents croisements d’accouplements ont été utilisés pour tester les effets sympatriques, conspécifiques-interspécifiques et allopatriques de mâles Ae. albopictus irradiés et non irradiés sur les femelles Ae. aegypti, y compris dans une situation de ratio masculin asymétrique. Nos résultats suggèrent qu’il n’y avait qu’un faible niveau de satyrisation entre les populations sympatriques d’Ae. aegypti et Ae. albopictus colonisées à La Réunion. Un rapport mâles Ae. albopictus sur femelles Ae. aegypti de 3 contre 1 n’a pas augmenté le niveau de satyrisation. Les femelles Ae. aegypti déjà accouplées à un mâle Ae. albopictus n’ont pas été empêchées d’être inséminées par des mâles conspécifiques. Aucun effet de satyrisation n’a été observé entre les souches allopatriques d’Ae. albopictus et d’Ae. aegypti de La Réunion. La souche testée d’Ae. aegypti de La Réunion a donc développé une résistance totale à la satyrisation et en conséquence la libération de mâles stériles d’Ae. albopictus peut ne pas supprimer les populations d’Ae. aegypti si des lâchers massifs de mâles irradiés d’Ae. albopictus conduisent à des résultats similaires. La stratégie de gestion de deux espèces compétentes dans une zone sympatrique est discutée.

Keywords: Aedes albopictus; Mating; Satyrization; Sterile insect technique.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Sympatric cross-mating between Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus strains from La Réunion island. C denotes the cross, and numbers (1–6) are related to the cross identity. The number of dissected females (n) per cross were C1 = control Ae. albopictus (non-irradiated), n = 58; C2 = control Ae. aegypti (non-irradiated), n = 71; C3 = male Ae. albopictus (non-irradiated) × female Ae. aegypti, n = 28; C4 = male Ae. albopictus (irradiated) × female Ae. aegypti, n = 41; C5 = male Ae. aegypti (non-irradiated) × female Ae. albopictus, n = 82; C6 = male Ae. aegypti (irradiated) × female Ae. albopictus, n = 72.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Egg hatch in sympatric crosses between Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus strains from La Réunion island. C denotes the cross and numbers (1–6) are related to the cross identity. C1 = control Ae. albopictus (non-irradiated), C2 = control Ae. aegypti (non-irradiated), C3 = male Ae. albopictus (non-irradiated) × female Ae. aegypti, C4 = male Ae. albopictus (irradiated) × female Ae. aegypti, C5 = male Ae. aegypti (non-irradiated) × female Ae. albopictus, C4 = male Ae. aegypti (irradiated) × female Ae. albopictus.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Pre-exposure effect on mating success. C denotes the cross, and numbers (1–8) are related to the cross identity. C1 = control Ae. aegypti (non-irradiated), C2 = control Ae. aegypti (irradiated), C3 = control Ae. albopictus (non-irradiated), C4 = control Ae. albopictus (irradiated), C5 = male Ae. albopictus (non-irradiated) × female Ae. aegypti, C6 = male Ae. albopictus (irradiated) × female Ae. aegypti, C7 = male Ae. aegypti (non-irradiated) × female Ae. aegypti (non-exposed to male Ae. albopictus), C8 = male Ae. aegypti (non-irradiated) × female Ae. aegypti (pre-exposed to male Ae. albopictus).
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