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. 2020 Mar 9:2020:5417201.
doi: 10.1155/2020/5417201. eCollection 2020.

Effects of Hypertonic Saline and Hydroxyethyl Starch on Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Hemorrhagic Shock Mice under Secondary Bacterial Attack

Jiu-Kun Jiang  1   2   3 , Liang-Jie Hong  4 , Yuan-Qiang Lu  1   2   3
Affiliations

Effects of Hypertonic Saline and Hydroxyethyl Starch on Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Hemorrhagic Shock Mice under Secondary Bacterial Attack

Jiu-Kun Jiang et al. Biomed Res Int. .

Abstract

Objectives: The primary target is to reveal whether the resuscitation with hypertonic saline (HTS) or hydroxyethyl starch (HES) would have different effects on the myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) count and monocytic MDSC (M-MDSC)/granulocytic/neutrophilic MDSC (G-MDSC) rate in the peripheral blood, spleen, and bone marrow nucleated cells (BMNC) in a controlled hemorrhagic shock mouse model under secondary Escherichia coli bacterial infection attack, comparing to resuscitation with normal saline (NS) in 72 hours.

Method: After hemorrhagic shock with bacteremia, which is induced by Escherichia coli bacterial infection attack, comparing to resuscitation with normal saline (NS) in 72 hours. Method. After hemorrhagic shock with bacteremia, which is induced by Escherichia coli 35218 injection, the mice were distributed into control, NS, HTS, and HES groups. The peripheral blood nucleated cells (PBNC), spleen single-cell suspension, and bone marrow nucleated cells were collected. The flow cytometry was used to detect the MDSC, M-MDSC, and G-MDSC.

Result: In PBNC, after resuscitation with NS, the MDSC was continuously higher, while the rate of M-MDSC/G-MDSC were continuously lower (P < 0.05). In HTS, the MDSC varied, higher at 24 and 72 hours (P < 0.05). In HTS, the MDSC varied, higher at 24 and 72 hours (P < 0.05). In HTS, the MDSC varied, higher at 24 and 72 hours (P < 0.05). In HTS, the MDSC varied, higher at 24 and 72 hours (P < 0.05). In HTS, the MDSC varied, higher at 24 and 72 hours (P < 0.05), the M-MDSC/G-MDSC were continuously lower (P < 0.05). In the spleen, resuscitation with HTS, the M-MDSC/G-MDSC were continuously lower (P < 0.05). In BMNC, after resuscitation with HES, the M-MDSC/G-MDSC were lower at 24 and 72 hours (P < 0.05).

Conclusion: In mouse hemorrhagic shock model with bacterial infection, the resuscitation with NS, HTS, or HES induced difference changes in MDSC and M-MDSC/G-MDSC, which were time-dependent and organ-specific. Resuscitation with crystalloid, like NS or HTS, showed longer effects on the MDSC and M-MDSC/G-MDSC in peripheral blood; while HTS has a longer effect on M-MDSC/G-MDSC in the spleen, HES has a stronger impact on the differentiation regulation of MDSC to G-MDSC in the bone marrow.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have no conflict of interests to declare.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The count of MDSC and ratio of M-MDSC/G-MDSC in PBNC after fluid resuscitation by NS. #: compared to control, P < 0.05; MDSC: myeloid-derived suppressor cell; M-MDSC: monocytic MDSC; G-MDSC: granulocytic/neutrophilic MDSC; PBNC: peripheral blood nucleated cells; NS: normal saline.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The count of MDSC and ratio of M-MDSC/G-MDSC in PBNC after fluid resuscitation by HTS. #: compared to control, P < 0.05; MDSC: myeloid-derived suppressor cell; M-MDSC: monocytic MDSC; G-MDSC: granulocytic/neutrophilic MDSC; PBNC: peripheral blood nucleated cells; HTS: hypertonic saline.
Figure 3
Figure 3
The count of MDSC and ratio of M-MDSC/G-MDSC in PBNC after fluid resuscitation by HES. #: compared to control, P < 0.05; M-MDSC: monocytic MDSC; G-MDSC: granulocytic/neutrophilic MDSC; PBNC: peripheral blood nucleated cells; HES: hydroxyethyl starch.
Figure 4
Figure 4
The count of MDSC and ratio of M-MDSC/G-MDSC in the spleen after fluid resuscitation by NS. #: compared to control, P < 0.05; MDSC: myeloid-derived suppressor cell; M-MDSC: monocytic MDSC; G-MDSC: granulocytic/neutrophilic MDSC; NS: normal saline.
Figure 5
Figure 5
The count of MDSC and ratio of M-MDSC/G-MDSC in the spleen after fluid resuscitation by HTS. #: compared to control, P < 0.05; MDSC: myeloid-derived suppressor cell; M-MDSC: monocytic MDSC; G-MDSC: granulocytic/neutrophilic MDSC; HTS: hypertonic saline.
Figure 6
Figure 6
The count of MDSC and ratio of M-MDSC/G-MDSC in the spleen after fluid resuscitation by HES. #: compared to control, P < 0.05; MDSC: myeloid-derived suppressor cell; M-MDSC: monocytic MDSC; G-MDSC: granulocytic/neutrophilic MDSC; HES: hydroxyethyl starch.
Figure 7
Figure 7
The count of MDSC and ratio of M-MDSC/G-MDSC in BMNC after fluid resuscitation by NS. #: compared to control, P < 0.05; MDSC: myeloid-derived suppressor cell; M-MDSC: monocytic MDSC; G-MDSC: granulocytic/neutrophilic MDSC; BMNC: suspension and bone marrow nucleated cells; NS: normal saline.
Figure 8
Figure 8
The count of MDSC and ratio of M-MDSC/G-MDSC in BMNC after fluid resuscitation by HTS. #: compared to control, P < 0.05; MDSC: myeloid-derived suppressor cell; M-MDSC: monocytic MDSC; G-MDSC: granulocytic/neutrophilic MDSC; BMNC: suspension and bone marrow nucleated cells; HTS: hypertonic saline.
Figure 9
Figure 9
The count of MDSC and ratio of M-MDSC/G-MDSC in BMNC after fluid resuscitation by HES. #: compared to control, P < 0.05; MDSC: myeloid-derived suppressor cell; M-MDSC: monocytic MDSC; G-MDSC: granulocytic/neutrophilic MDSC; BMNC: suspension and bone marrow nucleated cells; HES: hydroxyethyl starch.
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