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. 2020 Mar 4:2020:4315806.
doi: 10.1155/2020/4315806. eCollection 2020.

The Effect of Prior Gestational Diabetes on the Shape of the Glucose Response Curve during an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test 3 Years after Delivery

Timea Tänczer  1   2 , Márk M Svébis  1   2   3 , Beatrix Domján  1   2 , Viktor J Horváth  1 , Adam G Tabák  1   2   4   5
Affiliations

The Effect of Prior Gestational Diabetes on the Shape of the Glucose Response Curve during an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test 3 Years after Delivery

Timea Tänczer et al. J Diabetes Res. .

Abstract

Objective: Monophasic glucose response (MGR) during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are predictors of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We investigated the association between current MGR and (1) glucose tolerance during a pregnancy 3 years before and (2) current glucose tolerance status. We also sought (3) other determinants of MGR. Research Design and Methods. We conducted a nested case-control study of GDM (n = 47 early GDM, diagnosed between 16 and 20 weeks of gestation; n = 40 late GDM, diagnosed between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation) and matched healthy controls (n = 37, normal glucose tolerance during pregnancy) all free from diabetes at follow-up 3.4 ± 0.6 years after delivery. Glucose tolerance was determined by 2-hour 75 g OGTT. Monophasic and biphasic groups were defined based on serum glucose measurements during OGTT.

Results: The biphasic group was younger, had lower triglyceride levels and area under the OGTT glucose curve, and was less frequently diagnosed with early GDM (25 vs. 45%, all p < 0.05). Women with a biphasic response also tended to have lower systolic blood pressure (p < 0.1). No differences were found in fasting and 2-hour glucose and insulin levels, or BMI. According to multiple logistic regression, MGR was associated with prior early GDM (OR 2.14, 95% CI 0.92-4.99) and elevated triglyceride levels (OR 2.28, 95% CI 1.03-5.03/log (mmol/l)).

Conclusions: We found that more severe, early-onset GDM was an independent predictor of monophasic glucose response suggesting that monophasic response may represent an intermediate state between GDM and manifest type 2 diabetes.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest (financial disclosure) with the findings of the article.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow chart of the study design.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Average glucose levels (and 95% confidence intervals) during OGTT by the shape of the glucose response curve.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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