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. 2020 Mar 30;6(3):e03650.
doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03650. eCollection 2020 Mar.

Microemulsion-based approach for oral delivery of insulin: formulation design and characterization

Mumuni A Momoh  1 , Kenechukwu C Franklin  1 , Chinazom P Agbo  1 , Calister E Ugwu  2 , Musiliu O Adedokun  3 , Ofomata C Anthony  4 , Omeje E Chidozie  1 , Augustine N Okorie  5
Affiliations

Microemulsion-based approach for oral delivery of insulin: formulation design and characterization

Mumuni A Momoh et al. Heliyon. .

Abstract

Oral delivery of insulin provides a good alternative because it is non-invasive and patient-friendly. However, multiple challenges affected this route. To overcome barriers for oral delivery of insulin, we aimed to develop a novel insulin-loaded microemulsion system based on snail mucin for oral administration. The strategy in the novel system of using mucin loading insulin into the inner core of prepared water in oil microemulsion to provide sustained released, increased in vivo stability and enhanced drug absorption in the gastrointestinal tract. We report how microemulsion composed of varying ratios of snail mucin and Tween® 80 (1:9-9:1) using oil/water emulsion preparation method influenced insulin performance after oral administration. The results obtained include an encapsulation efficiency of above 70 %; in vitro release was sustained over 10 h and in vivo evaluations in diabetic rat model shows that insulin-loaded microencapsulation effectively reduced blood glucose levels over a period >8 h after oral administration. Therefore, we suggest that the developed formulation for oral insulin can be a promising alternative dosage form for oral protein delivery.

Keywords: Biological sciences; Biotechnology; Diabetes; Materials application; Materials characterization; Microemulsions; Mucin; Oral-insulin; Pharmaceutical chemistry; Pharmacology; Tween® 80.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Representative of photomicrographs of (A1) Mucin:Tween-80 1:9, (A2) Mucin:Tween-80 2:8, (A3) Mucin:Tween-80 3:7, (A4) Mucin:Tween-80 4:6, (A5) Mucin:Tween-80 5:5, (A6) Mucin:Tween-80 6:4. Bar represents 70 μm.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Representative picture of prepared samples of insulin-loaded microemulsion.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Insulin release from insulin-loaded microemulsion prepared with a mucin:Tween-80 in varying ratios in intestinal pH 6.4 simulated fluids at 37 °C (mean ± SD, n = 3).
Figure 4
Figure 4
(a) Blood glucose levels after oral administration of different formulations of insulin and control samples. (b) Plasma insulin level vs. time profiles of the diabetic rats following the administration of insulin formulation batch A9, (mean ± SD, n = 5).
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