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. 2020 Mar 20;5(12):6348-6357.
doi: 10.1021/acsomega.9b03716. eCollection 2020 Mar 31.

Comparative Analysis of Au and Au@SiO2 Nanoparticle-Protein Interactions for Evaluation as Platforms in Theranostic Applications

Derrick J Swinton  1 , Hongxia Zhang  1 , Arezue F B Boroujerdi  1 , Keyana L Tyree  1 , Ricardo A Burke  1 , Makayla F Turner  1 , Imrana H Salia  1 , Tekiah S McClary  2
Affiliations

Comparative Analysis of Au and Au@SiO2 Nanoparticle-Protein Interactions for Evaluation as Platforms in Theranostic Applications

Derrick J Swinton et al. ACS Omega. .

Abstract

Gold nanoparticles are utilized in a variety of sensing and detection technologies because of their unique physiochemical properties. Their tunable size, shape, and surface charge enable them to be used in an array of platforms. The purpose of this study is to conduct a thorough spectroscopic characterization of Au and functionalized hybrid Au@SiO2 nanoparticles under physiological conditions and in the presence of two proteins known to be abundant in serum, bovine serum albumin and human ubiquitin. The information obtained from this study will enable us to develop design principles to synthesize an array of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy-based nanoparticles as platforms for theranostic applications. We are particularly interested in tailoring the surface chemistry of the Au@SiO2 nanoparticles for applications in theranostic technologies. We employ common spectroscopic techniques, with particular emphasis on circular dichroism and heteronuclear single quantum correlation nuclear magnetic resonance (HSQC NMR) spectroscopy, as combinatorial tools to understand protein conformational dynamics, binding site interactions, and protein corona for the design of nanoparticles capable of reaching their intended target in vivo. Our results conclude that protein adsorption onto the nanoparticle surface prevents nanoparticle aggregation. We observed that varying the ionic strength and type of ion influences the aggregation and aggregation rate of each respective nanoparticle. The conformation of proteins and the absorption of proteins on the surface of Au nanoparticles are also influenced by ionic strength. Using two-dimensional [15N-1H]-HSQC NMR experiments to compare the interactions of Au and Au@SiO2 nanoparticles with 15N-ubiquitin, we observed small chemical shift perturbations in some amino acid peaks and differences in binding site interactions with ubiquitin and respective nanoparticles.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing financial interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Radius distribution of nanoparticles in water (left) and UV/vis spectrum of nanoparticles in water (right).
Figure 2
Figure 2
UV/vis spectrum of nanoparticles in 0.1 M PBS.
Figure 3
Figure 3
UV/vis spectra comparing nanoparticles in the presence of variable concentrations of KCl.
Figure 4
Figure 4
UV/vis spectra of NP1 (left) and NP2 (right) in the presence of variable concentrations of BSA.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Radius distribution and autocorrelation function of nanoparticles with BSA.
Figure 6
Figure 6
CD spectra of nanoparticles while binding to BSA (left) and hUbq (right).
Figure 7
Figure 7
Overlaid 2D HSQC NMR spectrum differentiating the CSP of NP1/hUbq (red) and NP2/hUbq (blue).
Figure 8
Figure 8
STEM images of NP1 (left) and NP2 (right).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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