Effects of a family diabetes self-management education intervention on the patients' supporters

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes self-management education (DSME) programs that engage the families of patients with diabetes have shown to be effective in improving diabetes-related outcomes of the patients. The health effects of these "family models" of DSME on participating family members are rarely studied. Opportunity exists for the participating family members to benefit from the healthy lifestyle recommendations offered through such programs.

Method: Using data from a randomized controlled trial to assess the effect of family DSME compared to standard DSME among Marshallese adults with Type 2 diabetes, this study examined baseline to 12-month changes in A1c, body mass index (BMI), food consumption, and physical activity among participating family members, comparing outcomes of family members based on attended at least 1 (n = 98) versus attended no (n = 44) DSME sessions.

Results: Overall, family member attendance was low. There were no differences in the level of change from baseline to 12 months for A1c, BMI, food consumption, and physical activity between groups. After controlling for attendance and sociodemographic measures, lowering of BMI was the only significant predictor of not having an A1c level indicative of diabetes at 12 months.

Discussion: Future research on family DSME should consider ways to improve family member attendance; have them set their own health improvement goals; and integrate healthy lifestyle education, such as healthy eating and being physically active, along with the DSME core content to create an added benefit of diabetes prevention for participating family members. The limitations of this study and recommendations for future research are provided. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02407132.