The epidemiology and clinical information about COVID-19

Abstract

In December 2019, pneumonia of unknown cause occurred in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. On 7 January 2020, a novel coronavirus, named as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), was identified in the throat swab sample of one patient. The World Health Organization (WHO) announced the epidemic disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Currently, COVID-19 has spread widely around the world, affecting more than seventy countries. China, with a huge burden of this disease, has taken strong measures to control the spread and improve the curative rate of COVID-19. In this review, we summarized the epidemiological characteristics, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of COVID-19. A comprehensive understanding will help to control the disease.

Keywords: Clinical; Coronavirus disease 2019; Epidemiology; Pathology; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2; Treatment.

Fig. 1

Genome organization of SARS-CoV-2 in different studies [, , , –19]. ORF = open reading frame (orange). Structural proteins including S, E, M, N (blue) (S = spike, E = envelope, M = membrane, N = nucleocapsid). Accessory proteins including 3, 3a, 3b, 6, 7, 8, 9a, 9b, 10b, 13, 14 (purple). SP = signal peptide. S1 = subunit 1. S2 = subunit 2. NTD = N-terminal domain. RBD = receptor binding domain. ESD = external subdomain. FP = fusion peptide. HR1 = heptad repeat 1. HR2 = heptad repeat 2. TM = transmembrane domain. CP = cytoplasmic domain. The length of genes is not drawn in scale