The Burden of COVID-19 in People Living with HIV: A Syndemic Perspective

doi:10.1007/s10461-020-02871-9

Editorial

. 2020 Aug;24(8):2244-2249.

doi: 10.1007/s10461-020-02871-9.

The Burden of COVID-19 in People Living with HIV: A Syndemic Perspective

Stephanie Shiau¹, Kristen D Krause^{2

3}, Pamela Valera⁴, Shobha Swaminathan^{5

6}, Perry N Halkitis^{7

2

4}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, USA. stephanie.shiau@rutgers.edu.
² Center for Health, Identity, Behavior & Prevention Studies, Rutgers School of Public Health, Newark, NJ, USA.
³ Department of Health Behavior, Society, and Policy, Rutgers School of Public Health, Rutgers School of Public Health, Newark, NJ, USA.
⁴ Department of Urban-Global Health, Rutgers School of Public Health, Newark, NJ, USA.
⁵ Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases Practice, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA.
⁶ Infectious Diseases Practice, University Hospital, Newark, NJ, USA.
⁷ Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, USA.

PMID: 32303925
PMCID: PMC7165075
DOI: 10.1007/s10461-020-02871-9

Editorial

The Burden of COVID-19 in People Living with HIV: A Syndemic Perspective

Stephanie Shiau et al. AIDS Behav. 2020 Aug.

. 2020 Aug;24(8):2244-2249.

doi: 10.1007/s10461-020-02871-9.

Authors

Stephanie Shiau¹, Kristen D Krause^{2

3}, Pamela Valera⁴, Shobha Swaminathan^{5

6}, Perry N Halkitis^{7

2

4}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, USA. stephanie.shiau@rutgers.edu.
² Center for Health, Identity, Behavior & Prevention Studies, Rutgers School of Public Health, Newark, NJ, USA.
³ Department of Health Behavior, Society, and Policy, Rutgers School of Public Health, Rutgers School of Public Health, Newark, NJ, USA.
⁴ Department of Urban-Global Health, Rutgers School of Public Health, Newark, NJ, USA.
⁵ Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases Practice, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA.
⁶ Infectious Diseases Practice, University Hospital, Newark, NJ, USA.
⁷ Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, USA.

PMID: 32303925
PMCID: PMC7165075
DOI: 10.1007/s10461-020-02871-9

Abstract

The emergence of the novel coronavirus disease known as COVID-19 creates another health burden for people living with HIV (PLWH) who face multiple morbidities and may be at heightened risk for severe physical health illness from COVID-19. Our abilities to address these morbidities in PLWH must be considered alongside the socially-produced burdens that both place this population at risk for COVID-19 and heighten the likelihood of adverse outcomes. These burdens can affect the physical, emotional, and social well-being of PLWH and interfere with the delivery of effective healthcare and access to HIV treatment. We posit that a syndemic framework can be used to conceptualize the potential impact of COVID-19 among PLWH to inform the development of health programming services.

Keywords: Antivirals; COVID-19; HIV; Health care; Psychosocial burdens; Syndemic.

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Figures

**Fig. 1**
A syndemic conceptualization of HIV & COVID-19 co-infection in people living with HIV

See this image and copyright information in PMC

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References

1. CDC. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in People with HIV [Internet]. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2020 [cited 2020 Mar 23]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/specific-groups/hiv.html
1. Earnshaw VA, Smith LR, Chaudoir SR, Amico KR, Copenhaver MM. HIV stigma mechanisms and well-being among PLWH: a test of the HIV stigma framework. AIDS Behav. 2013;17(5):1785–1795. - PMC - PubMed
1. Singer M. Pathogen-pathogen interaction: a syndemic model of complex biosocial processes in disease. Virulence. 2010;1(1):10–18. - PMC - PubMed
1. Halkitis PN, Moeller RW, Siconolfi DE, Storholm ED, Solomon TM, Bub KL. Measurement model exploring a syndemic in emerging adult gay and bisexual men. AIDS Behav. 2013;17(2):662–673. - PMC - PubMed
1. Halkitis PN, Kupprat SA, Hampton MB, Perez-Figueroa R, Kingdon M, Eddy JA, et al. Evidence for a syndemic in aging HIV-positive gay, bisexual, and other MSM: implications for a holistic approach to prevention and healthcare. Nat Resour Model. 2012;36(2):365–386. - PMC - PubMed

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[1] CDC. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in People with HIV [Internet]. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2020 [cited 2020 Mar 23]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/specific-groups/hiv.html

[2] CDC. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in People with HIV [Internet]. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2020 [cited 2020 Mar 23]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/specific-groups/hiv.html

[3] Earnshaw VA, Smith LR, Chaudoir SR, Amico KR, Copenhaver MM. HIV stigma mechanisms and well-being among PLWH: a test of the HIV stigma framework. AIDS Behav. 2013;17(5):1785–1795. - PMC - PubMed

[4] Earnshaw VA, Smith LR, Chaudoir SR, Amico KR, Copenhaver MM. HIV stigma mechanisms and well-being among PLWH: a test of the HIV stigma framework. AIDS Behav. 2013;17(5):1785–1795. - PMC - PubMed

[5] Singer M. Pathogen-pathogen interaction: a syndemic model of complex biosocial processes in disease. Virulence. 2010;1(1):10–18. - PMC - PubMed

[6] Singer M. Pathogen-pathogen interaction: a syndemic model of complex biosocial processes in disease. Virulence. 2010;1(1):10–18. - PMC - PubMed

[7] Halkitis PN, Moeller RW, Siconolfi DE, Storholm ED, Solomon TM, Bub KL. Measurement model exploring a syndemic in emerging adult gay and bisexual men. AIDS Behav. 2013;17(2):662–673. - PMC - PubMed

[8] Halkitis PN, Moeller RW, Siconolfi DE, Storholm ED, Solomon TM, Bub KL. Measurement model exploring a syndemic in emerging adult gay and bisexual men. AIDS Behav. 2013;17(2):662–673. - PMC - PubMed

[9] Halkitis PN, Kupprat SA, Hampton MB, Perez-Figueroa R, Kingdon M, Eddy JA, et al. Evidence for a syndemic in aging HIV-positive gay, bisexual, and other MSM: implications for a holistic approach to prevention and healthcare. Nat Resour Model. 2012;36(2):365–386. - PMC - PubMed

[10] Halkitis PN, Kupprat SA, Hampton MB, Perez-Figueroa R, Kingdon M, Eddy JA, et al. Evidence for a syndemic in aging HIV-positive gay, bisexual, and other MSM: implications for a holistic approach to prevention and healthcare. Nat Resour Model. 2012;36(2):365–386. - PMC - PubMed

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The Burden of COVID-19 in People Living with HIV: A Syndemic Perspective

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The Burden of COVID-19 in People Living with HIV: A Syndemic Perspective

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