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. 2020 Aug;21(5):707-712.
doi: 10.1111/pedi.13025. Epub 2020 May 31.

Incidence of type 1 diabetes in 0 to 14 year olds in Australia from 2002 to 2017

Aveni Haynes  1 , Max K Bulsara  2 , Phil Bergman  3   4 , Fergus Cameron  5   6 , Jennifer Couper  7   8 , Maria E Craig  9   10 , Karen Demangone  11 , Stephanie Johnson  12 , Antony Lafferty  13   14 , Angela Titmuss  15 , Elizabeth A Davis  1   16
Affiliations

Incidence of type 1 diabetes in 0 to 14 year olds in Australia from 2002 to 2017

Aveni Haynes et al. Pediatr Diabetes. 2020 Aug.

Abstract

Objective: To determine the incidence of childhood onset type 1 diabetes in Australia from 2002 to 2017, and analyze incidence rate trends by calendar year, sex, and age at diagnosis.

Research design and methods: Children newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes aged <15 years between 2002 and 2017 were identified from the National Diabetes Register, estimated to be ~99% complete. Data were obtained for diagnosis year, sex, age, and residential State/Territory at time of diagnosis. Population estimates by year, sex, single year of age, and State/Territory were obtained from the Australian Bureau of Statistics and Poisson regression used to examine incidence and trends by calendar year, sex, and age group at diagnosis.

Results: Between 2002 and 2017, there were 16 783 newly diagnosed cases of type 1 diabetes in children aged < 15 years (8684 boys: 8099 girls), giving a mean incidence of 25.0/1 00 000 person years (95%CI: 24.6, 25.4). A sinusoidal pattern in the incidence rate trend was observed with 5-yearly cycles providing the best model fit. No significant difference was observed in boys compared to girls (IRR 0.98 [95%CI: 0.95, 1.01]). Compared to 0 to 4 year olds, the mean incidence was 75% higher in 5 to 9 year olds, and 224% higher in 10 to 14 year olds. A decreasing incidence rate trend was observed in 0 to 4 year old boys and girls.

Conclusions: This study reports updated incidence and incidence rate trends in children and adolescents diagnosed with type 1 diabetes in Australia. A cyclical pattern in incidence trend persists, with an overall decreasing trend observed only in the youngest age group.

Keywords: Australia; epidemiology; pediatric; type 1 diabetes.

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References

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