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. 2020 Apr 20;10(1):6645.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-63210-5.

A cross-sectional study on selected child health outcomes in India: Quantifying the spatial variations and identification of the parental risk factors

Parul Puri  1 , Junaid Khan  2 , Apurba Shil  3   4 , Mohammad Ali  5
Affiliations

A cross-sectional study on selected child health outcomes in India: Quantifying the spatial variations and identification of the parental risk factors

Parul Puri et al. Sci Rep. .

Abstract

This study examined association between selected child health indicators- anaemia, stunting and no/incomplete immunization by inter-linking maternal characteristics at district level and parental characteristics at individual level. A spatial analysis and a binary logit model estimation were employed to draw inferences using the data from the fourth round of National Family Health Survey, 2015-16 of India. Significant spatial clustering of the selected child health outcomes was observed in the country. Mother's educational attainment explained significant district level differential in the selected child health outcomes. At the individual level, parents who are very young, not-educated, socially excluded, belong to poor class were found to be significantly associated with the poor child health outcomes. This study indicates that parental characteristics, such as age, educational attainment and employment substantially determine child health in India, suggesting that an intervention by targeting the households where children are vulnerable is important to improve child health in the country.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Spatial pattern of anaemia among children aged 12–59 months, India, 2015–16.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Spatial pattern of stunting among children aged 12–59 months, India, 2015–16.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Spatial pattern of no or partial immunization among children aged 12–59 months, India, 2015–16.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Univariate LISA Clustering of anaemia prevalence among children aged 12–59 months.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Univariate LISA significance map of anaemia prevalence (Moran’s I = 0.63***).
Figure 6
Figure 6
Univariate LISA Clustering of stunting prevalence among children aged 12–59 months.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Univariate LISA significance map of stunting prevalence (Moran’s I = 0.68***).
Figure 8
Figure 8
Univariate LISA Clustering of no or partial immunization among children aged 12–59 months.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Univariate LISA significance map of no or partial immunization (Moran’s I = 0.61***). ‘***’ is significant at 1% level of significance.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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