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. 2020 Feb 28;9(2):683-693.
doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_570_19. eCollection 2020 Feb.

Detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production by disc diffusion method among Pseudomonas species from various clinical samples

Ashish Kothari  1 , Shailesh Kumar  2 , Balram Ji Omar  1 , Kamini Kiran  3
Affiliations

Detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production by disc diffusion method among Pseudomonas species from various clinical samples

Ashish Kothari et al. J Family Med Prim Care. .

Abstract

Aim/objectives: This study was aimed to detect extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Pseudomonas species isolated from various clinical samples by phenotypic methods with their susceptibility testing.

Materials and methods: Hundred Pseudomonas isolates were taken from various clinical samples of patients attending outpatient department (OPD) and inpatient department (IPD). Antimicrobial susceptibility test and ESBL detection were assessed using CLSI guidelines on Mueller Hinton agar.

Results: Out of 100 Pseudomonas isolates, 46 isolates were from female and 54 were from male patients. More cases of pseudomonal infection were in the age group between 46 and 60 years (34%), and 59% of Pseudomonas species were isolated from patients belongs to urban areas and the rest 41% were from rural. The isolates collected from OPD were 61% and rest 39% from IPD. Pseudomonas species showed maximum resistance to cephalosporin group of antibiotics and showed least resistance to imipenem, and showed 100% susceptibility to colistin. ESBL production was detected in 42% of total isolates.

Conclusion: The present study highlights that the Pseudomonas species remains an important cause of nosocomial infections. ESBL producing Pseudomonas species continue to be an important organism causing life-threatening infections. Multidrug resistance was seen in most of the strains. Resistance is developing even to combination of ceftazidime clavulanic acid. Resistance is developing to last resort of antibiotic, i.e. imipenem also. This gives the alarming signal for the future, making the therapeutic options more difficult. Strict infection control measures are to be taken to contain this so-called water and soil organisms as Pseudomonas.

Keywords: Antimicrobial; pseudomonal infection; susceptibility test; ß-lactamases (ESBLs).

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Conflict of interest statement

There are no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Pseudomonas on blood agar
Figure 2
Figure 2
Pseudomonas on MacConkey agar
Figure 3
Figure 3
Microscopic view of Pseudomonas
Figure 4
Figure 4
(a) catalase positive Pseudomonas. (b) oxidase positive test for Pseudomonas
Figure 5
Figure 5
Pseudomonas on MHA along with antimicrobial discs
Figure 6
Figure 6
Positive double disk diffusion test for Pseudomonas with ceftazidime and cefta + zidime with clavulanic acid
Graph 1
Graph 1
Pseudomonas infection was predominant in male compared to female
Graph 2
Graph 2
Rate of culture positive Pseudomonas samples from OPD and IPD
Graph 3
Graph 3
Pseudomonas infection was predominant in the age group of 46–60 years (34)
Graph 4
Graph 4
Residential status of patients from urban and rural
Graph 5
Graph 5
Pseudomonas species isolation from various clinical samples
Graph 6
Graph 6
Antibiotic resistance patterns of Psedomonas species
Graph 7
Graph 7
Rate of ESBL Positive samples
Graph 8
Graph 8
Distribution of ESBL producing Pseudomonas isolated from OPD/IPD of hospital
Graph 9
Graph 9
Gender-wise distribution of Pseudomonas from various clinical isolations
Graph 10
Graph 10
Antibiotic resistance patterns of Pseudomonas against cephalosporin group of antibiotics
Graph 11
Graph 11
Antibiotic resistance patterns of Pseudomonas against carbapenem group of antibiotics
Graph 12
Graph 12
Rate of pigment-producing and non-pigment producing Pseudomonas among 100 case studied
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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