Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2020 Apr 24;15(4):e0231949.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0231949. eCollection 2020.

Management of hospital-acquired infections among patients hospitalized at Zewditu memorial hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A prospective cross-sectional study

Segen Gebremeskel Tassew  1 , Minyahil Alebachew Woldu  2 , Wondwossen Amogne Degu  3 , Workineh Shibeshi  2
Affiliations

Management of hospital-acquired infections among patients hospitalized at Zewditu memorial hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A prospective cross-sectional study

Segen Gebremeskel Tassew et al. PLoS One. .

Abstract

Background: Hospital-Acquired Infections (HAIs) are acquired when the patient is hospitalized for more than 48 hours. In Ethiopia data are scarce in management appropriateness of HAIs. Hence, this study was aimed to assess the prevalence and management of HAIs among patients admitted at Zewditu Memorial Hospital.

Method: A facility based prospective cross sectional study was conducted from March 1, 2017 to August 30, 2017. The sample was proportionally allocated among (medical, pediatrics, gynecology and obstetrics and surgical) wards, based on patient flow. Data were collected using data abstraction format and supplemented by key informant interview. Interview was made on eight physicians and four microbiologists who have been working in the wards during study period. Management appropriateness was assessed using Infectious Disease Society of America guideline and experts opinion (Infectious disease specialist). A multivariate logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with HAIs.

Result: The prevalence of HAIs was 19.8%. Surgical Site Infection (SSI) and pneumonia accounted for 20 (24.7%) of the infections. Culture and sensitivity was done for 24 (29.6%) patients. Of the 81 patients who developed HAIs, 54 (66.67%) of them were treated inappropriately. Physicians' response for this variation was information gap, forgetfulness, affordability and availability issue of first line medications. Younger age (AOR (Adjusted odds ratio) = 8.53, 95% CI: 2.67-27.30); male gender (AOR = 2.06, 95% CI: 1.01-4.22); longer hospital stay (AOR = 0.17, 95% CI: 0.06-0.51); and previous hospital admission (AOR = 3.22, 95% CI: 1.76-5.89); were independent predictors of HAIs.

Conclusion: Prevalence of HAIs and inappropriate management were substantially high in this study. Pneumonia and SSI were the common types of HAIs. Locally conformable guidelines could help to correct such problems.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

References

    1. Garner JS, Jarvis WR, Emori TG, Horan TC, Hughes JM (1988) CDC definitions for nosocomial infections, 1988. American journal of infection control 16: 128–140. 10.1016/0196-6553(88)90053-3 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Organization WH (2013) Health care-associated infections fact sheet. WHO [homepage on the Internet]: c2013.
    1. Messele G, Woldemedhin Y, Demissie M, Mamo K, Geyid A (2009) Common causes of nosocomial infections and their susceptibility patterns in two hospitals in Addis Ababa. Ethiop J Health Biomed Sci 2: 3–8.
    1. Mulu A, Moges F, Tessema B, Kassu A (2006) Pattern and multiple drug resistance of bacterial pathogens isolated from wound infection at University of Gondar Teaching Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. Ethiopian medical journal 44: 125–131. - PubMed
    1. Asl HM. The National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance in Iran. A 4 years report; 2011. BioMed Central. pp. 1.