Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2020 Apr 22;12(4):269.
doi: 10.3390/toxins12040269.

Treatment of Blepharospasm and Oromandibular Dystonia with Botulinum Toxins

Travis J W Hassell  1 , David Charles  1
Affiliations
Review

Treatment of Blepharospasm and Oromandibular Dystonia with Botulinum Toxins

Travis J W Hassell et al. Toxins (Basel). .

Abstract

Blepharospasm and oromandibular dystonia are focal dystonias characterized by involuntary and often patterned, repetitive muscle contractions. There is a long history of medical and surgical therapies, with the current first-line therapy, botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT), becoming standard of care in 1989. This comprehensive review utilized MEDLINE and PubMed and provides an overview of the history of these focal dystonias, BoNT, and the use of toxin to treat them. We present the levels of clinical evidence for each toxin for both, focal dystonias and offer guidance for muscle and site selection as well as dosing.

Keywords: AbobotulinumtoxinA; DaxibotulinumtoxinA; IncobotulinumtoxinA; Meige syndrome; OnabotulinumtoxinA; RimabotulinumtoxinB; blepharospasm; botulinum toxin; oromandibular dystonia.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Hassell has received honoraria income from Medtronic. Vanderbilt University Medical Center receives income from Abbott, Allergan, Boston Scientific, Impax, Ipsen, Lundbeck, Merz, Medtronic, Pharma 2B, US World Meds, and Voyager for research or educational programs led by Charles.Charles has received income from Allergan, Alliance for Patient Access, Ipsen, Revance, and USA WorldMeds, for consulting services.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Literature review process.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Injection site options for blepharospasm and tongue injections for OMD.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Anatomy and site selection options for oromandibular dystonia.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Tolosa ES K.H. Meige’s Disease: A clinical form of facial convulsion, bilateral and medial. Arch. Neurol. 1979;36:635–637. doi: 10.1001/archneur.1979.00500460069010. - DOI - PubMed
    1. H M. Les convulsions de la face, une forme clinique de convulsion faciale bilaterale et mediane. Revue Neurol. 1910;20:437–443.
    1. Albanese A., Bhatia K., Bressman S.B., DeLong M.R., Fahn S., Fung V.S., Hallett M., Jankovic J., Jinnah H.A., Klein C., et al. Phenomenology and classification of dystonia: a consensus update. Mov. Disord. 2013;28:863–873. doi: 10.1002/mds.25475. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Jankovic J., Patel S.C. Blepharospasm associated with brainstem lesions. Neurology. 1983;33:1237–1240. doi: 10.1212/WNL.33.9.1237. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Sandyk R., GM Lang A.E., Sharpe J.A. Blepharospasm associated with palatal myoclonus and communicating hydrocephalus. Neurology. 1984;34:1522–1527. doi: 10.1212/WNL.34.11.1522-a. - DOI - PubMed

MeSH terms