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Editorial
. 2020 Apr 22;9(4):1193.
doi: 10.3390/jcm9041193.

Recent Advances and Clinical Outcomes of Kidney Transplantation

Charat Thongprayoon  1 , Panupong Hansrivijit  2 , Napat Leeaphorn  3 , Prakrati Acharya  4 , Aldo Torres-Ortiz  5 , Wisit Kaewput  6 , Karthik Kovvuru  7 , Swetha R Kanduri  7 , Tarun Bathini  8 , Wisit Cheungpasitporn  7
Affiliations
Editorial

Recent Advances and Clinical Outcomes of Kidney Transplantation

Charat Thongprayoon et al. J Clin Med. .

Abstract

Recent advances in surgical, immunosuppressive and monitoring protocols have led to the significant improvement of overall one-year kidney allograft outcomes. Nonetheless, there has not been a significant change in long-term kidney allograft outcomes. In fact, chronic and acute antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR) and non-immunological complications following kidney transplantation, including multiple incidences of primary kidney disease, as well as complications such as cardiovascular diseases, infections, and malignancy are the major factors that have contributed to the failure of kidney allografts. The use of molecular techniques to enhance histological diagnostics and noninvasive surveillance are what the latest studies in the field of clinical kidney transplant seem to mainly focus upon. Increasingly innovative approaches are being used to discover immunosuppressive methods to overcome critical sensitization, prevent the development of anti-human leukocyte antigen (HLA) antibodies, treat chronic active ABMR, and reduce non-immunological complications following kidney transplantation, such as the recurrence of primary kidney disease and other complications, such as cardiovascular diseases, infections, and malignancy. In the present era of utilizing electronic health records (EHRs), it is strongly believed that big data and artificial intelligence will reshape the research done on kidney transplantation in the near future. In addition, the utilization of telemedicine is increasing, providing benefits such as reaching out to kidney transplant patients in remote areas and helping to make scarce healthcare resources more accessible for kidney transplantation. In this article, we discuss the recent research developments in kidney transplants that may affect long-term allografts, as well as the survival of the patient. The latest developments in living kidney donation are also explored.

Keywords: kidney transplant; kidney transplantation; renal transplant; renal transplantation; transplant recipients; transplantation.

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Conflict of interest statement

We do not have any potential financial or non-financial conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Post-transplant antibodies against human leukocyte antigen (HLA) and non-HLA antigens [68,78,86,87,88,89,90,91,92]. Abbreviations: human leukocyte antigen (HLA), major histocompatibility complex class I related chain A antigen (MICA); angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1R); endothelin-1 type A receptor (Anti-ETAR); FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3); Epidermal growth factor-like repeats and discoidin I-like domain 3 (EDIL3); Intercellular adhesion molecule 4 (ICAM4).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Incidence (%) of cardiovascular disease in kidney transplant recipients.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Effects and risk factors of post-transplant hyperparathyroidism.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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