Drug-Induced Kidney Disease Associated With Selected Antibiotics

Abstract

Structural and functional degeneration of the kidneys occur as the human body ages, making oler people especially susceptible to the consequences of acute kidney injury. Furthermore, the use of nephrotoxic agents, combined with the increased incidence of acute kidney injury and likelihood of an intensive-care unit admission, makes geriatric patients prone to develop drug-induced kidney disease. Vancomycin is routinely used as the first-line treatment for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, but is known to be nephrotoxic; studies have shown that an early switch from vancomycin to alternatives does not necessarily prevent renal insult. Therefore, we aim to discuss the mechanisms of drug-induced kidney disease with regard to vancomycin, daptomycin, and ceftaroline and to provide insight as to their safety profiles with regard to older people. A clear understanding of this topic will aid clinicians in selecting drug therapy and may lead to shortened hospital stays, lower hospital costs, and improved outcomes of critically ill older people.