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. 2020 Jun;68(6):1155-1161.
doi: 10.1111/jgs.16513. Epub 2020 May 30.

A Health System Response to COVID-19 in Long-Term Care and Post-Acute Care: A Three-Phase Approach

Gina Kim  1 , Mengru Wang  1 , Hanh Pan  2 , Giana H Davidson  3   4   5 , Alison C Roxby  6   7 , Jen Neukirch, Danna Lei  3 , Elicia Hawken-Dennis  2   3 , Louise Simpson  3 , Thuan D Ong  1   3
Affiliations

A Health System Response to COVID-19 in Long-Term Care and Post-Acute Care: A Three-Phase Approach

Gina Kim et al. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2020 Jun.

Abstract

Background: The Seattle, WA, area was ground zero for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Its initial emergence in a skilled nursing facility (SNF) not only highlighted the vulnerability of its patients and residents, but also the limited clinical support that led to national headlines. Furthermore, the coronavirus pandemic heightened the need for improved collaboration among healthcare organizations and local and state public health.

Methods: The University of Washington Medicine's (UWM's) Post-Acute Care (PAC) Network developed and implemented a three-phase approach within its pre-existing network of SNFs to help slow the spread of the disease, support local area SNFs from becoming overwhelmed when inundated with COVID-19 cases or persons under investigation, and help decrease the burden on area hospitals, clinics, and emergency medical services.

Results: Support of local area SNFs consisted of the following phases that were implemented at various times as COVID-19 impacted each facility at different times. Initial Phase: This phase was designed to (1) optimize communication, (2) review infection control practices, and (3) create a centralized process to track and test the target population. Delayed Phase: The goals of the Delayed Phase were to slow the spread of the disease once it is present in the SNF by providing consistent education and reinforcing infection prevention and control practices to all staff. Surge Phase: This phase aimed to prepare facilities in response to an outbreak by deploying a "Drop Team" within 24 hours to the facility to expeditiously test patients and exposed employees, triage symptomatic patients, and coordinate care and supplies with local public health authorities.

Conclusions: The COVID-19 Three-Phase Response Plan provides a standardized model of care that may be implemented by other health systems and SNFs to help prepare and respond to COVID-19. J Am Geriatr Soc 68:1155-1161, 2020.

Keywords: COVID-19; coronavirus; long-term care; nursing home; post-acute care.

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Conflict of interest statement

This research received no specific funding/grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not‐for‐profit sector. The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Geographic spread of Post‐Acute Care (PAC) Network skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) and University of Washington Medicine’s (UWM's) hospitals (created in Google maps).
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Three‐phase approach to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). MD, doctor of medicine; APP, advanced practice provider; PPE, personal protective equipment; PUI, person under investigation; RN, registered nurse; SNF, skilled nursing facility.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
University of Washington Medicine’s (UWM’s) Post‐Acute Care (PAC) response timeline. CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; COVID‐19, coronavirus disease 2019; NWHRN, Northwest Healthcare Response Network; PPE, personal protective equipment; SNF, skilled nursing facility.
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
Surveillance algorithm for skilled nursing facilities with known coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) patients. BP, blood pressure.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Comment in

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