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Comment
. 2020 Jul 3;31(5):618-620.
doi: 10.1080/09537104.2020.1759793. Epub 2020 Apr 29.

Platelets get gutted by PAG

Iván Parra-Izquierdo  1   2 , Ryan Bradley  3   4 , Joseph E Aslan  1   2
Affiliations
Comment

Platelets get gutted by PAG

Iván Parra-Izquierdo et al. Platelets. .
No abstract available

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of interest

The authors report no declarations of interest.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.. Gut microbiota-derived PAG primes platelet activation in cardiovascular disease (CVD).
Dietary proteins and other nutrients are metabolized by host and gut microbial systems into specific metabolites such as phenylacetylglutamine (PAG). A recent study by Nemet et al. [4] demonstrates that higher levels of PAG in circulation are associated with CVD, and that PAG primes platelet activation through interactions with adrenergic receptors (ADRs). Other host and microbiome factors associated with disease, including trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP), such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), may also prime platelet activation through known and unknown mechanisms. These priming factors may each enhance platelet responses to classical agonists, including collagen, adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and thrombin. Signaling events downstream of GPVI and G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) converge on phospholipase C (PLC) and intracellular calcium mobilization in a manner that may be primed by factors such as PAG to drive platelet activation in atherothrombosis and disease.
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