Challenges and [Possible] Solutions to Optimizing Talent Identification and Development in Sport

Abstract

The modern-day landscape of Olympic and Professional sport is arguably more competitive than ever. One consequence of this is the increased focus on identifying and developing early athletic talent. In this paper, we highlight key challenges associated with talent (athlete) identification and development and propose possible solutions that could be considered by research and practice. The first challenge focuses on clarifying the purposes of talent identification initiatives such as defining what talent is and how its meaning might evolve over time. Challenge two centers on ways to best identify, select and develop talent, including issues with different approaches to identification, the need to understand the impact of development and the need to have appropriate resourcing in the system to support continued development of knowledge. Finally, we discuss two challenges in relation to the 'healthiness' of talent identification and development. The first examines whether a talent identification and development system is 'healthy' for athletes while the second focuses on how sport stakeholders could discourage the apparent trend toward early specialization in youth sport settings. Whilst this paper discusses the research in relation to these challenges, we propose multiple possible solutions that researchers and practitioners could consider for optimizing their approach to talent identification and development. In summary, talent is a complex and largely misunderstood phenomenon lacking robust research evidence, and given concerns that it is potentially unhealthy, talent identification and selection at younger ages is not recommended.

Keywords: athlete; development; health; holistic; system.

FIGURE 1

Modified risk matrix from Baker et al. (2018a) highlighting the differing levels of risk when considering athletes for TIDS. Areas with no shading represent ‘low risk’ since performance-based selection systems will remove or keep low versus high performers due to how systems are typically structured (i.e., by confusing potential and current performance). The gray areas represent differing levels of risk that need to be considered relative to resources available in the system (e.g., what is the risk of eliminating a possible 7 through inaccurate selections?).

FIGURE 2

The three pillars of financial resourcing in high performance sport.