Sun protection habits and behaviors of a group of outdoor workers and students from the agricultural and construction sectors in north-Italy
- PMID: 32352425
- PMCID: PMC7810007
- DOI: 10.23749/mdl.v111i2.8929
Sun protection habits and behaviors of a group of outdoor workers and students from the agricultural and construction sectors in north-Italy
Abstract
Background: Despite the relevant frequency of ultraviolet induced adverse health effects in workers, solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure is an occupational risk not adequately minimized in Italy.
Objective: To assess the characteristics and prevalence of sun exposure habits and behaviors in a group of students and outdoor workers (OW) from the agricultural and construction sectors of a north-Italian region.
Methods: Based on a previously developed standardized questionnaire, we collected full information on individual sun exposure habits at work and during leisure activities.
Results: In 2018, 380 high school students and OW from the agricultural and construction sectors participated in a sun-safety campaign. More than a third (39.0%) of OW reported never using sunglasses, 52.8% never applied sunscreens at work, and a quarter never wear a UV protective hat. Considering leisure-time, students reported more frequent sunburns compared to OW: 25.0% vs. 13.8%; half (51.6%) of students and a third (36.4%) of OW reported never wearing a UV protective hat. A third (30.1%) of students and 37.2% of OW never or only seldom applied sunscreens on holidays.
Discussion: The majority of OW in our study reported poor protective solar exposure habits. Young students of the construction and agricultural sectors indicated even worse sun-protective behaviors, both during apprenticeship and leisure activities. Our study highlights the low health literacy related to solar UVR in OW and apprentices. Further educational initiatives are required in Italy to improve the adoption of protective behaviors during outdoor activities.
«Titolo italiano: Abitudini di esposizione e comportamenti protettivi individuali rispetto al rischio da esposizione a radiazione solare in un gruppo di lavoratori outdoor e studenti del settore agricolo ed edile del Nord-Italia».
Background:: L’esposizione a radiazione solare ultravioletta (RSUV) è un rischio occupazionale la cui prevenzione non è adeguatamente implementata in Italia, nonostante la rilevanza degli effetti avversi per la salute attesi nei lavoratori.
Obiettivi:: Valutare caratteristiche e frequenza delle abitudini di esposizione a RSUV e dei comportamenti UV-protettivi individuali in un gruppo di lavoratori outdoor e di studenti del settore agricolo ed edile di una regione del nord-Italia.
Metodi:: Utilizzando un questionario precedentemente sviluppato, sono state raccolte informazioni complete sulle abitudini individuali di esposizione a RSUV sul lavoro e nel tempo libero.
Risultati:: Nel corso del 2018 è stata condotta una campagna di prevenzione sul rischio da esposizione a RSUV, che ha coinvolto 380 studenti e lavoratori outdoor dei settori agricolo ed edile. Sul lavoro, il 39% dei lavoratori riferisce di non utilizzare mai occhiali da sole, il 52.8% di non applicare mai creme solari, e ¼ dei lavoratori non indossa mai un cappello UV-protettivo. Durante il tempo libero, gli studenti riferiscono ustioni solari più frequentemente rispetto ai lavoratori outdoor: 25 vs 13.8%; il 51.6% degli studenti e il 36.4% dei lavoratori non utilizzano mai un cappello UV-protettivo. Il 30.1% degli studenti ed il 37.2% dei lavoratori non applicano mai, o solo raramente, creme solari in vacanza.
Discussione:: Nonostante l’elevata esposizione a RSUV e l’aumentato rischio di effetti avversi UV correlati riportati in letteratura, i lavoratori all’aperto oggetto del presente studio hanno riportato abitudini UV-protettive completamente inadeguate. I giovani studenti agricoli ed edili hanno indicato comportamenti UV-protettivi peggiori dei lavoratori, sia durante il tirocinio che nel tempo libero. Lo studio indica quindi che ulteriori urgenti iniziative di prevenzione debbano essere implementate in Italia per un più corretto riconoscimento del rischio occupazionale da esposizione a RSUV, al fine di migliorare l’adozione dei comportamenti individuali UV-protettivi durante le attività all’aperto.
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