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Review
. 2020 Apr;36(4):382-388.
doi: 10.1051/medsci/2020056. Epub 2020 May 1.

[Lung organoids]

[Article in French]
Chloé Bourguignon  1 , Charlotte Vernisse  2 , Joffrey Mianné  1 , Mathieu Fieldès  1 , Engi Ahmed  3 , Aurélie Petit  2 , Isabelle Vachier  2 , Thierry Lavabre Bertrand  4 , Said Assou  1 , Arnaud Bourdin  5 , John De Vos  6
Affiliations
Free article
Review

[Lung organoids]

[Article in French]
Chloé Bourguignon et al. Med Sci (Paris). 2020 Apr.
Free article

Abstract
in English, French

As burden of chronic respiratory diseases is constantly increasing, improving in vitro lung models is essential in order to reproduce as closely as possible the complex pulmonary architecture, responsible for oxygen uptake and carbon dioxide clearance. The study of diseases that affect the respiratory system has benefited from in vitro reconstructions of the respiratory epithelium with inserts in air/liquid interface (2D) or in organoids able to mimic up to the arborescence of the respiratory tree (3D). Recent development in the fields of pluripotent stem cells-derived organoids and genome editing technologies has provided new insights to better understand pulmonary diseases and to find new therapeutic perspectives.

Title: Les organoïdes pulmonaires.

Abstract: L’impact en santé publique des pathologies respiratoires chroniques ne cesse de croître. Dans ce contexte, il paraît indispensable d’améliorer les modèles d’études du poumon afin de reproduire au plus proche l’architecture pulmonaire complexe, garante des fonctions d’oxygénation et d’épuration du gaz carbonique. Les connaissances actuelles en physiopathologie respiratoire résultent en partie des études de modèles de reconstitution d’épithélium bronchique in vitro à partir de cellules primaires, en deux dimensions sur des inserts, ou en trois dimensions, en organoïdes mimant jusqu’à l’arborescence pulmonaire. Le développement de ces modèles in vitro a connu un nouvel essor grâce aux organoïdes pulmonaires issus de cellules souches pluripotentes et la démocratisation des outils d’édition du génome. Ces apports technologiques récents offrent de nouvelles perspectives en matière de thérapeutiques ou de compréhension physiopathologique et pourraient, dans le futur, ouvrir les portes de la médecine régénératrice pulmonaire.

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