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Review
. 2020 Apr 17:12:103.
doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.00103. eCollection 2020.

Resveratrol Derivatives as Potential Treatments for Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Disease

Bruno Dutra Arbo  1 , Corinne André-Miral  2 , Raif Gregorio Nasre-Nasser  3 , Lúcia Emanueli Schimith  3 , Michele Goulart Santos  3 , Dennis Costa-Silva  3 , Ana Luiza Muccillo-Baisch  3 , Mariana Appel Hort  3
Affiliations
Review

Resveratrol Derivatives as Potential Treatments for Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Disease

Bruno Dutra Arbo et al. Front Aging Neurosci. .

Abstract

Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by the progressive loss of neurons in different regions of the nervous system. Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are the two most prevalent neurodegenerative diseases, and the symptoms associated with these pathologies are closely related to the regions that are most affected by the process of neurodegeneration. Despite their high prevalence, currently, there is no cure or disease-modifying drugs for the treatment of these conditions. In the last decades, due to the need for the development of new treatments for neurodegenerative diseases, several authors have investigated the neuroprotective actions of naturally occurring molecules, such as resveratrol. Resveratrol is a stilbene found in several plants, including grapes, blueberries, raspberries, and peanuts. Studies have shown that resveratrol presents neuroprotective actions in experimental models of AD and PD, however, its clinical application is limited due to its rapid metabolism and low bioavailability. In this context, studies have proposed that structural changes in the resveratrol molecule, including glycosylation, alkylation, halogenation, hydroxylation, methylation, and prenylation could lead to the development of derivatives with enhanced bioavailability and pharmacological activity. Therefore, this review article aims to discuss how resveratrol derivatives could represent viable molecules in the search for new drugs for the treatment of AD and PD.

Keywords: aging; neurodegeneration; neurodegenerative diseases; neuroprotection; polyphenols; stilbene.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Neuroprotective mechanisms described for Resveratrol. *Some studies did not evidence any involvement of SIRT-1 in the neuroprotective actions of RV against MPP+. Symbols: ↓: decrease; ↑: increase. Abbreviations: α-syn: alfa-synuclein; Aβ: amyloid-beta, Akt: protein kinase B, AMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase, CAT: catalase, COX-2: cyclooxygenase-2, GPx: glutathione peroxidase, GSH: glutathione, HO-1: heme oxygenase 1, IL: interleukins, MCP-1: chemokine monocyte chemotactic protein-1, NF-κB: nuclear factor kappa B, NO: nitric oxide, p53: tumor protein p53, PI3K: phosphatidylinosi-tol 3-kinase, ROS: reactive oxygen species, SIRT-1: anti-aging factor sirtuin-1, SOD: superoxide dismutase, TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-α.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Chemical structure of resveratrol and its analogs.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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