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. 2022 Jan-Mar;21(1):304-324.
doi: 10.1080/15332640.2020.1759476. Epub 2020 May 4.

Anxiety symptoms and smoking outcome expectancies among Spanish-speaking Latinx adult smokers: Exploring the role of anxiety sensitivity

Justin M Shepherd  1 , Jafar Bakhshaie  2 , Pamella Nizio  1 , Lorra Garey  1 , Andres G Viana  1 , Michael J Zvolensky  1   3
Affiliations

Anxiety symptoms and smoking outcome expectancies among Spanish-speaking Latinx adult smokers: Exploring the role of anxiety sensitivity

Justin M Shepherd et al. J Ethn Subst Abuse. 2022 Jan-Mar.

Abstract

Although anxiety symptoms/disorders are consistently implicated in smoking processes, no empirical work has identified individual difference factors that may underlie such relations among Latinx smokers. The current study examined anxiety sensitivity as an explanatory factor underlying the relationship between anxiety symptoms and smoking expectancies among Spanish-speaking Latinx smokers. Participants included 363 Spanish-speaking Latinx daily smokers (58.7% female, Mage = 33.3 years, SD = 9.81). Results indicated that anxiety symptoms had a significant indirect effect on positive and negative smoking expectancies through anxiety sensitivity. Such findings suggest that anxiety sensitivity is relevant to understanding the anxiety-smoking expectancies association among Latinx smokers.

Keywords: Anxiety; Latinx; anxiety sensitivity; smoking; smoking expectancies.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Conceptual model. Note: Anxiety = Sum score of the anxiety subscale of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (Herrero et al., 2003); ASI-3 = Total score of the Anxiety Sensitivity Index-3 (Taylor et al., 2007); Negative Reinforcement, Negative Consequences, Positive Reinforcement, and Appetite-Weight Control = Subscales from the Smoking Consequences Questionnaire-Short Form (Myers et al., 2003); a path = Effect of X on M; b paths = Effect of M on Yi; c paths = Effect of X on Yi; c′ paths = Effect of X on Yi controlling for M. Four separate paths were conducted (Y1-4) with the predictor (X). Covariates included income and alcohol consumption.
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