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. 2020 Apr 25;6(4):e03625.
doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03625. eCollection 2020 Apr.

Bioassay-guided isolation and identification of antidiabetic compounds from Garcinia cowa leaf extract

Piyaporn Phukhatmuen  1 , Achara Raksat  1 , Surat Laphookhieo  1 , Rawiwan Charoensup  2   3 , Thidarat Duangyod  2   3 , Wisanu Maneerat  1   3
Affiliations

Bioassay-guided isolation and identification of antidiabetic compounds from Garcinia cowa leaf extract

Piyaporn Phukhatmuen et al. Heliyon. .

Abstract

Garcinia cowa Roxb. ex Choisy (Clusiaceae) is a Thai local edible plant, which has been used for the treatment of diabetes. The aim of this study is to discover and identify bioactive compounds related to antidiabetic properties from the leaf extract of G. cowa. α-Glucosidase inhibitory bioassay-guided isolation of the ethyl acetate extract of the leaves of G.cowa resulted in the isolation and identification of 11 compounds. Of these, a decahydro-1H-xanthene derivative, garciniacowone K (1), was identified as a novel compound. Their structures were characterized by spectroscopic data and by comparison of their NMR spectroscopic data with those previously reported. All compounds were evaluated for their α-glucosidase inhibitory and glucose consumption activities. Compound 2 showed the highest efficacy in inhibiting α-glucosidase enzyme and promoting glucose consumption activity by 3T3-L1 cells, with IC50 values of 0.5 μM and 13.1 μM, respectively, without causing toxicity to cells.

Keywords: Antidiabetic activity; Bioactive compounds; Bioassay-guided isolation; Garcinia cowa; Natural product chemistry; Pharmaceutical chemistry.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Bioassay-guided isolation of G.cowa leaf extract.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Effects of GCEA on glucose uptake in L6 muscle cells. (A) Scale bar of glucose uptake in differentiated L6 myotube. (B) Immuncyto fluorescence image (20×) measured expression of glucose uptake in differentiated L6 myoblast.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Structures of compounds isolated from G. cowa leaves.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Key correlations of compound 1. (A) 1H–1H COSY and HMBC correlations. (B) NOESY correlations.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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