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. 2020 Aug 10;59(33):13955-13961.
doi: 10.1002/anie.202005584. Epub 2020 Jun 5.

Mechanochromic Delayed Fluorescence Switching in Propeller-Shaped Carbazole-Isophthalonitrile Luminogens with Stimuli-Responsive Intramolecular Charge-Transfer Excited States

Minlang Yang  1   2 , In Seob Park  1 , Yasuhiro Miyashita  3 , Katsunori Tanaka  3 , Takuma Yasuda  1   2
Affiliations

Mechanochromic Delayed Fluorescence Switching in Propeller-Shaped Carbazole-Isophthalonitrile Luminogens with Stimuli-Responsive Intramolecular Charge-Transfer Excited States

Minlang Yang et al. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. .

Abstract

Herein, the universal design of high-efficiency stimuli-responsive luminous materials endowed with mechanochromic luminescence (MCL) and thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) functions is reported. The origin of the unique stimuli-triggered TADF switching for a series of carbazole-isophthalonitrile-based donor-acceptor (D-A) luminogens is demonstrated based on systematic photophysical and X-ray analysis, coupled with theoretical calculations. It was revealed that a tiny alteration of the intramolecular D-A twisting in the excited-state structures governed by the solid morphologies is responsible for this dynamic TADF switching behavior. This concept is applicable to the fabrication of bicolor emissive organic light-emitting diodes using a single TADF emitter.

Keywords: charge transfer; mechanochromism; organic light-emitting diodes; solid-state luminescence; thermally activated delayed fluorescence.

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