Sample collection from asteroid (162173) Ryugu by Hayabusa2: Implications for surface evolution

T Morota^{1

2}, S Sugita^{3

4}, Y Cho³, M Kanamaru⁵, E Tatsumi^{3

6

7}, N Sakatani⁸, R Honda⁹, N Hirata¹⁰, H Kikuchi⁸, M Yamada⁴, Y Yokota^{8

9}, S Kameda¹¹, M Matsuoka⁸, H Sawada⁸, C Honda¹², T Kouyama¹³, K Ogawa^{10

14}, H Suzuki¹⁵, K Yoshioka¹⁶, M Hayakawa⁸, N Hirata¹², M Hirabayashi¹⁷, H Miyamoto^{18

19}, T Michikami²⁰, T Hiroi²¹, R Hemmi²², O S Barnouin²³, C M Ernst²³, K Kitazato¹², T Nakamura²⁴, L Riu⁸, H Senshu⁴, H Kobayashi², S Sasaki⁵, G Komatsu²⁵, N Tanabe³, Y Fujii⁹, T Irie², M Suemitsu², N Takaki³, C Sugimoto³, K Yumoto³, M Ishida¹¹, H Kato¹¹, K Moroi¹¹, D Domingue¹⁹, P Michel²⁶, C Pilorget²⁷, T Iwata^{8

28}, M Abe^{8

28}, M Ohtake^{8

12}, Y Nakauchi⁸, K Tsumura^{29

30}, H Yabuta³¹, Y Ishihara³², R Noguchi⁸, K Matsumoto^{28

33}, A Miura^{8

28}, N Namiki^{28

33}, S Tachibana^{3

8}, M Arakawa¹⁰, H Ikeda³⁴, K Wada⁴, T Mizuno^{8

28}, C Hirose³⁴, S Hosoda⁸, O Mori⁸, T Shimada⁸, S Soldini^{8

35}, R Tsukizaki⁸, H Yano^{8

28}, M Ozaki^{8

28}, H Takeuchi^{8

28}, Y Yamamoto^{8

28}, T Okada^{8

36}, Y Shimaki⁸, K Shirai⁸, Y Iijima⁸, H Noda^{28

33}, S Kikuchi⁸, T Yamaguchi⁸, N Ogawa⁸, G Ono³⁴, Y Mimasu⁸, K Yoshikawa³⁴, T Takahashi⁸, Y Takei^{8

34}, A Fujii⁸, S Nakazawa⁸, F Terui⁸, S Tanaka^{8

28}, M Yoshikawa^{8

28}, T Saiki⁸, S Watanabe^{2

8}, Y Tsuda^{8

28}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Earth and Planetary Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan. morota@eps.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp.
² Departments of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Physics, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.
³ Department of Earth and Planetary Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
⁴ Planetary Exploration Research Center, Chiba Institute of Technology, Narashino 275-0016, Japan.
⁵ Department of Earth and Space Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka 560-0043, Japan.
⁶ Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
⁷ Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, 38205 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
⁸ Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan.
⁹ Department of Information Science, Kochi University, Kochi 780-8520, Japan.
¹⁰ Department of Planetology, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan.
¹¹ Department of Physics, Rikkyo University, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan.
¹² School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Aizu, Aizu-Wakamatsu 965-8580, Japan.
¹³ National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo 135-0064 Japan.
¹⁴ JAXA Space Exploration Center, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan.
¹⁵ Department of Physics, Meiji University, Kawasaki 214-8571, Japan.
¹⁶ Department of Complexity Science and Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8561, Japan.
¹⁷ Department of Aerospace Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
¹⁸ Department of Systems Innovation, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
¹⁹ Planetary Science Institute, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA.
²⁰ Faculty of Engineering, Kindai University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-2116, Japan.
²¹ Department of Earth, Environmental and Planetary Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
²² The University Museum, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
²³ Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA.
²⁴ Department of Earth Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.
²⁵ International Research School of Planetary Sciences, Università d'Annunzio, 65127 Pescara, Italy.
²⁶ Université Côte d'Azur, Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Centre National de le Recherche Scientifique, Laboratoire Lagrange, 06304 Nice, France.
²⁷ Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale, Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France.
²⁸ Departments of Space and Astronautical Science and Astronomical Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, SOKENDAI, Hayama 240-0193, Japan.
²⁹ Department of Natural Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Tokyo City University, Tokyo 158-8557, Japan.
³⁰ Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.
³¹ Department of Earth and Planetary Systems Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan.
³² National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba 305-8506, Japan.
³³ National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Mitaka 181-8588, Japan.
³⁴ Research and Development Directorate, JAXA, Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan.
³⁵ Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK.
³⁶ Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.

PMID: 32381723
DOI: 10.1126/science.aaz6306

Sample collection from asteroid (162173) Ryugu by Hayabusa2: Implications for surface evolution

T Morota et al. Science. 2020.

. 2020 May 8;368(6491):654-659.

doi: 10.1126/science.aaz6306.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Earth and Planetary Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan. morota@eps.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp.
² Departments of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Physics, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.
³ Department of Earth and Planetary Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
⁴ Planetary Exploration Research Center, Chiba Institute of Technology, Narashino 275-0016, Japan.
⁵ Department of Earth and Space Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka 560-0043, Japan.
⁶ Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
⁷ Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, 38205 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
⁸ Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan.
⁹ Department of Information Science, Kochi University, Kochi 780-8520, Japan.
¹⁰ Department of Planetology, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan.
¹¹ Department of Physics, Rikkyo University, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan.
¹² School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Aizu, Aizu-Wakamatsu 965-8580, Japan.
¹³ National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo 135-0064 Japan.
¹⁴ JAXA Space Exploration Center, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan.
¹⁵ Department of Physics, Meiji University, Kawasaki 214-8571, Japan.
¹⁶ Department of Complexity Science and Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8561, Japan.
¹⁷ Department of Aerospace Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
¹⁸ Department of Systems Innovation, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
¹⁹ Planetary Science Institute, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA.
²⁰ Faculty of Engineering, Kindai University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-2116, Japan.
²¹ Department of Earth, Environmental and Planetary Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
²² The University Museum, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
²³ Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA.
²⁴ Department of Earth Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.
²⁵ International Research School of Planetary Sciences, Università d'Annunzio, 65127 Pescara, Italy.
²⁶ Université Côte d'Azur, Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Centre National de le Recherche Scientifique, Laboratoire Lagrange, 06304 Nice, France.
²⁷ Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale, Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France.
²⁸ Departments of Space and Astronautical Science and Astronomical Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, SOKENDAI, Hayama 240-0193, Japan.
²⁹ Department of Natural Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Tokyo City University, Tokyo 158-8557, Japan.
³⁰ Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.
³¹ Department of Earth and Planetary Systems Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan.
³² National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba 305-8506, Japan.
³³ National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Mitaka 181-8588, Japan.
³⁴ Research and Development Directorate, JAXA, Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan.
³⁵ Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK.
³⁶ Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.

PMID: 32381723
DOI: 10.1126/science.aaz6306

Abstract

The near-Earth asteroid (162173) Ryugu is thought to be a primitive carbonaceous object that contains hydrated minerals and organic molecules. We report sample collection from Ryugu's surface by the Hayabusa2 spacecraft on 21 February 2019. Touchdown images and global observations of surface colors are used to investigate the stratigraphy of the surface around the sample location and across Ryugu. Latitudinal color variations suggest the reddening of exposed surface material by solar heating and/or space weathering. Immediately after touchdown, Hayabusa2's thrusters disturbed dark, fine grains that originate from the redder materials. The stratigraphic relationship between identified craters and the redder material indicates that surface reddening occurred over a short period of time. We suggest that Ryugu previously experienced an orbital excursion near the Sun.

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Sample collection from asteroid (162173) Ryugu by Hayabusa2: Implications for surface evolution

Affiliations

Sample collection from asteroid (162173) Ryugu by Hayabusa2: Implications for surface evolution

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

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LinkOut - more resources

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