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. 2020 May 7;11(2):30.
doi: 10.3390/jfb11020030.

Modification of PLA-Based Films by Grafting or Coating

Aleksandra Miletić  1 , Ivan Ristić  1 , Maria-Beatrice Coltelli  2   3 , Branka Pilić  1
Affiliations

Modification of PLA-Based Films by Grafting or Coating

Aleksandra Miletić et al. J Funct Biomater. .

Abstract

Recently, the demand for the use of natural polymers in the cosmetic, biomedical, and sanitary sectors has been increasing. In order to meet specific functional properties of the products, usually, the incorporation of the active component is required. One of the main problems is enabling compatibility between hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces. Therefore, surface modification is necessary. Poly(lactide) (PLA) is a natural polymer that has attracted a lot ofattention in recent years. It is bio-based, can be produced from carbohydrate sources like corn, and it is biodegradable. The main goal of this work was the functionalization of PLA, inserting antiseptic and anti-inflammatory nanostructured systems based on chitin nanofibrils-nanolignin complexes ready to be used in the biomedical, cosmetics, and sanitary sectors. The specific challenge of this investigation was to increase the interaction between the hydrophobic PLA matrix with hydrophilic chitin-lignin nanoparticle complexes. First, chemical modification via the "grafting from" method using lactide oligomers was performed. Then, active coatings with modified and unmodified chitin-lignin nanoparticle complexes were prepared and applied on extruded PLA-based sheets. The chemical, thermal, and mechanical characterization of prepared samples was carried out and the obtained results were discussed.

Keywords: chitin–lignin nanocomplex; coating; grafting from; lactide oligomers; poly(lactide).

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Molecular structure of (a) glycyrrhetic acid; (b) niacinamide.
Figure 2
Figure 2
FTIR spectrum of: (a) Poly(lactide) (PLA) grafted chitin–lignin complex with niacinamide; (b) PLA grafted chitin–lignin complex with glycyrrhetic acid.
Figure 3
Figure 3
(a) Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) thermogram of unmodified and modified chitin–lignin complexes by PLA grafting niacinamide complexes (b) glycyrrhetic acid.
Figure 4
Figure 4
PLA-based films obtained via a solution casting method; first raw left to right PLA, PLA with chitin–lignin complex with glycyrrhetic acid modified by grafting, PLA with chitin–lignin complex with niacinamide modified by grafting, second raw PLA with unmodified chitin–lignin complex with glycyrrheticacid and PLA with unmodified chitin–lignin complex with niacinamide.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Micrographs (magnification 100×) of solution cast films of PLA with added (a) chitin–lignin complex with niacinamide and (b) chitin–lignin complex with glycyrrhetic acid.
Figure 6
Figure 6
FTIR spectra of PLA cast films with (a) unmodified chitin–lignin complexes and (b) modified chitin–lignin complexes.
Figure 7
Figure 7
DSC thermogram of PLA film with chitin–lignin complex (a) unmodified with niacinamide, (b) unmodified with glycyrrhetic acid, (c) grafted chitin–lignin complex with niacinamide.
Figure 7
Figure 7
DSC thermogram of PLA film with chitin–lignin complex (a) unmodified with niacinamide, (b) unmodified with glycyrrhetic acid, (c) grafted chitin–lignin complex with niacinamide.
Figure 8
Figure 8
PLA extruded sheet coated with low molecular poly(lactide) (PLLA)-based coating with unmodified chitin–lignin niacinamidecomplexes (left) and modified chitin–lignin glycyrrhetic complexes (right), (a) and (b) modified chitin–ligninglycyrrhetic complexes (up) and modified chitin–lignin niacinamide complexes (down).
Figure 9
Figure 9
Micrographs (magnification 100×) of extruded film coated with PLLA-based coating with unmodified chitin–lignin complex loaded with, (a) glycyrrhetic acid (b) niacinamide.
Figure 10
Figure 10
FTIR spectra of PLA extruded film coated unmodified chitin–lignin complex nanoparticles.
Figure 11
Figure 11
DSC thermogram extruded film coated with PLLA-based coating with (a) unmodified chitin–lignin niacinamide complexes and (b) unmodified chitin–lignin glycyrrhetic acid complexes.
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