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. 2020:62:e30.
doi: 10.1590/s1678-9946202062030. Epub 2020 May 11.

Importation and early local transmission of COVID-19 in Brazil, 2020

Jaqueline Goes de Jesus  1 , Claudio Sacchi  2 , Darlan da Silva Candido  3 , Ingra Morales Claro  1 , Flávia Cristina Silva Sales  1 , Erika Regina Manuli  1 , Daniela Bernardes Borges da Silva  4 , Terezinha Maria de Paiva  4 , Margarete Aparecida Benega Pinho  4 , Katia Correa de Oliveira Santos  4 , Sarah Catherine Hill  3 , Renato Santana Aguiar  5 , Filipe Romero  5 , Fabiana Cristina Pereira Dos Santos  4 , Claudia Regina Gonçalves  2 , Maria do Carmo Timenetsky  4 , Joshua Quick  6 , Julio Henrique Rosa Croda  7   8   9 , Wanderson de Oliveira  7 , Andrew Rambaut  10 , Oliver G. Pybus  3 , Nicholas J. Loman  6 , Ester Cerdeira Sabino  1 , Nuno Rodrigues Faria  1   3   11
Affiliations

Importation and early local transmission of COVID-19 in Brazil, 2020

Jaqueline Goes de Jesus et al. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo. 2020.

Abstract

We conducted the genome sequencing and analysis of the first confirmed COVID-19 infections in Brazil. Rapid sequencing coupled with phylogenetic analyses in the context of travel history corroborate multiple independent importations from Italy and local spread during the initial stage of COVID-19 transmission in Brazil.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Maximum likelihood phylogeny (n=88) including Brazilian SARS-CoV-2 genomes from the first confirmed cases in Brazil. Squares and circles are coloured according to the place of infection and the place of reporting, respectively. Local cases are highlighted with a grey background, imported cases are highlighted with a black background. A full tree (n=347) can be found in the Supplementary Material (Figure S1).
Figure S1
Figure S1. SARS-CoV-2 phylogeny of the first confirmed Brazilian cases. A) Global SARS-CoV-2 Maximum Likelihood phylogeny including the six first genomes from Brazil. The tree was estimated using all available sequences in GISAID database (n=347) as of the 10th of March 2020. Tips are coloured according to the location of collection. B) Expansion of the clades containing the six Brazilian SARS-CoV-2 genomes (n=88). Tips are coloured according to the location of collection and only approximate likelihood ratio node supports > 0.80 are shown. Tips were labelled according to sequence name, GISAID accession number, place and date of collection.
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