Ancient DNA indicates human population shifts and admixture in northern and southern China

Melinda A Yang^{1

2

3}, Xuechun Fan^{4

5}, Bo Sun⁶, Chungyu Chen⁷, Jianfeng Lang⁸, Ying-Chin Ko⁹, Cheng-Hwa Tsang¹⁰, Hunglin Chiu¹⁰, Tianyi Wang^{1

2

11}, Qingchuan Bao¹², Xiaohong Wu¹³, Mateja Hajdinjak¹⁴, Albert Min-Shan Ko¹, Manyu Ding^{1

2

15}, Peng Cao^{1

2}, Ruowei Yang^{1

2}, Feng Liu^{1

2}, Birgit Nickel¹³, Qingyan Dai^{1

2}, Xiaotian Feng^{1

2}, Lizhao Zhang^{1

2}, Chengkai Sun¹⁶, Chao Ning¹⁷, Wen Zeng¹⁸, Yongsheng Zhao¹⁸, Ming Zhang^{1

2

15}, Xing Gao^{1

2

15}, Yinqiu Cui¹⁷, David Reich^{19

20

21

22}, Mark Stoneking¹⁴, Qiaomei Fu^{23

2

15}

Affiliations

¹ Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100044.
² Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044.
³ Department of Biology, University of Richmond, Richmond, VA 23173.
⁴ International Research Center for Austronesian Archaeology, Pingtan 350000.
⁵ Fujian Museum, Fuzhou 350001.
⁶ Shandong Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, Jinan 250012.
⁷ Institute of History and Philology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529.
⁸ School of History and Culture, Shandong University, Jinan 250100.
⁹ Environment-Omics-Disease Research Center, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung 40402.
¹⁰ Institute of Anthropology, National Tsinghua University, Hsinchu 30013.
¹¹ School of Cultural Heritage, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069.
¹² The Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010011.
¹³ School of Archaeology and Museology, Peking University, Beijing 100871.
¹⁴ Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig.
¹⁵ University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049.
¹⁶ Shandong Museum, Jinan 250014.
¹⁷ School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130023.
¹⁸ Institute of Cultural Heritage, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237.
¹⁹ Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.
²⁰ Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138.
²¹ Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142.
²² Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.
²³ Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100044. fuqiaomei@ivpp.ac.cn.

PMID: 32409524
DOI: 10.1126/science.aba0909

Ancient DNA indicates human population shifts and admixture in northern and southern China

Melinda A Yang et al. Science. 2020.

. 2020 Jul 17;369(6501):282-288.

doi: 10.1126/science.aba0909. Epub 2020 May 14.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100044.
² Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044.
³ Department of Biology, University of Richmond, Richmond, VA 23173.
⁴ International Research Center for Austronesian Archaeology, Pingtan 350000.
⁵ Fujian Museum, Fuzhou 350001.
⁶ Shandong Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, Jinan 250012.
⁷ Institute of History and Philology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529.
⁸ School of History and Culture, Shandong University, Jinan 250100.
⁹ Environment-Omics-Disease Research Center, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung 40402.
¹⁰ Institute of Anthropology, National Tsinghua University, Hsinchu 30013.
¹¹ School of Cultural Heritage, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069.
¹² The Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010011.
¹³ School of Archaeology and Museology, Peking University, Beijing 100871.
¹⁴ Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig.
¹⁵ University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049.
¹⁶ Shandong Museum, Jinan 250014.
¹⁷ School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130023.
¹⁸ Institute of Cultural Heritage, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237.
¹⁹ Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.
²⁰ Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138.
²¹ Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142.
²² Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.
²³ Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100044. fuqiaomei@ivpp.ac.cn.

PMID: 32409524
DOI: 10.1126/science.aba0909

Abstract

Human genetic history in East Asia is poorly understood. To clarify population relationships, we obtained genome-wide data from 26 ancient individuals from northern and southern East Asia spanning 9500 to 300 years ago. Genetic differentiation in this region was higher in the past than the present, which reflects a major episode of admixture involving northern East Asian ancestry spreading across southern East Asia after the Neolithic, thereby transforming the genetic ancestry of southern China. Mainland southern East Asian and Taiwan Strait island samples from the Neolithic show clear connections with modern and ancient individuals with Austronesian-related ancestry, which supports an origin in southern China for proto-Austronesians. Connections among Neolithic coastal groups from Siberia and Japan to Vietnam indicate that migration and gene flow played an important role in the prehistory of coastal Asia.

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Ancient DNA indicates human population shifts and admixture in northern and southern China

Affiliations

Ancient DNA indicates human population shifts and admixture in northern and southern China

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

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Grants and funding