[An abdominal approach above the liver to the inferior vena cava]

Abstract

The inferior vena cava (IVC) can be approached abdominally above the liver, either below the diaphragm, or in the fibrous pericardium, or in the serous pericardium. These techniques are described and discussed, as is the venous clamping upstream, always essential. Although rarely used, these procedures should be known by all surgeons.