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Proposed COVID‐19 treatments. Rationale for combination therapy that effectively limits viral entry and…
Figure 1
Proposed COVID‐19 treatments. Rationale for combination therapy that effectively limits viral entry and replication as well as targets systemic clinical manifestations of viral infection such as cytokine storm. Direct TMPRSS2 inhibition with camostat and nafamostat. Remdesivir, an RNA‐dependent RNA polymerase inhibitor with anti‐viral activity, targets viral replication post entry in SARS‐CoV‐2. Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and chloroquine (CQ) exhibit broad spectrum effects that include viral inhibition, suppression of multiple cytokines, and vascular protective effects. Some agents target cytokine release such the anti‐IL‐6 antibody tocilizumab, the anti‐human GM‐CSF monoclonal antibody lenzilumab, or the JAK1/2 inhibitor ruxolitinib. ACE2, angiotensin I–converting enzyme 2; COVID‐19, coronavirus disease 2019; GM‐CSF, granulocyte macrophage colony‐stimulating factor; IL, interleukin; JAK, Janus kinase; SARS‐CoV‐2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Created using BioRender.com.
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