Correlation of Serum Adipolin with Epicardial Fat Thickness and Severity of Coronary Artery Diseases in Acute Myocardial Infarction and Stable Angina Pectoris Patients

Abstract

Objective: Adipolin/C1q/TNF-related protein-12 is a family of CTRPs highly expressed in adipose tissue with glucose-lowering and anti-inflammatory effects. Various risk factors have been suggested in the incidence of cardiovascular diseases, such as a decrease in anti-inflammatory or an increase in inflammatory factors. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the correlation of adipolin with anthropometric, angiographic, echocardiographic, and biochemical parameters.

Subject and methods: A total of 90 patients who were candidates for angiography were included in the study and divided into 3 groups: 30 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 30 patients with stable angina pectoris (SAP), and 30 subjects as a control group with a history of chest pain but normal angiography. Anthropometric, angiographic, echocardiographic, and biochemical parameters were measured in all subjects.

Results: Serum adipolin levels were significantly decreased in patients with AMI compared with the SAP and control groups (p < 0.001 for both). In addition, there was a negative association between serum levels of adipolin and epicardial fat thickness (EFT) and Gensini score in CAD patients. The results of multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that EFT values were independently associated with serum adipolin levels.

Conclusion: The current study showed an independent association of adipolin with EFT for the first time in patients with AMI. Decreased adipolin levels in patients with AMI may be involved in the process of atherosclerosis, which requires further study.

Keywords: Acute myocardial infarction; Adipolin; Angiography; Echocardiography; Epicardial fat thickness; Stable angina pectoris.

Fig. 1

Individual values and mean ± SD of serum levels of: adipolin (a), adjusted adipolin (b), baseline EFT (c), and adjusted EFT (d). The adjusting was performed for age, BMI, WHR, and smoking history in the study groups. *** p < 0.001, significant statistical difference between the control group and other groups; ⁺⁺⁺ p < 0.001, significant statistical difference between SAP and AMI.

Fig. 2

Pearson's correlation analysis (or Spearman's rank order) of adipolin and: WHR value (correlation coefficient = −0.275, p = 0.009; a), FBG serum levels (correlation coefficient = −0.517, p = 0.000; b), cholesterol serum levels (correlation coefficient = −0.222, p = 0.035; c), LDL-C serum levels (correlation coefficient = −0.447, p = 0.000; d), CK-MB (correlation coefficient = −0.583, p = 0.000; e), troponin-T (correlation coefficient = −0.648, p = 0.000; f), WBC count (correlation coefficient = −0.588, p = 0.000; g), Gensini score (correlation coefficient = −0.592, p = 0.000; h), LVEF (correlation coefficient = 0.562, p = 0.000; i), and EFT value (correlation coefficient = −0.751, p = 0.000; j).