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Review
. 2020 May 18;12(5):1154.
doi: 10.3390/polym12051154.

Functional Polymers Structures for (Bio)Sensing Application-A Review

Kamila Spychalska  1 , Dorota Zając  1 , Sylwia Baluta  1 , Kinga Halicka  1 , Joanna Cabaj  1
Affiliations
Review

Functional Polymers Structures for (Bio)Sensing Application-A Review

Kamila Spychalska et al. Polymers (Basel). .

Abstract

In this review we present polymeric materials for (bio)sensor technology development. We focused on conductive polymers (conjugated microporous polymer, polymer gels), composites, molecularly imprinted polymers and their influence on the design and fabrication of bio(sensors), which in the future could act as lab-on-a-chip (LOC) devices. LOC instruments enable us to perform a wide range of analysis away from the stationary laboratory. Characterized polymeric species represent promising candidates in biosensor or sensor technology for LOC development, not only for manufacturing these devices, but also as a surface for biologically active materials' immobilization. The presence of biological compounds can improve the sensitivity and selectivity of analytical tools, which in the case of medical diagnostics is extremely important. The described materials are biocompatible, cost-effective, flexible and are an excellent platform for the anchoring of specific compounds.

Keywords: composites; conducting polymers; electrochemical sensing; lab-on-a-chip; microfluidics; molecularly imprinted polymers.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Mechanism of detection suing polymeric material.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Chemical structure of 3 poly(propylenethiophenoimine) dendrimer (G3PPT).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Structure of diamine functionalized terthiophene monomer [2,2′:5′,2″-terthiophene]-3′,4′-diamine (DAT).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Chemical structure of (E)-N′-(benzo[d]dioxol-5-ylmethylene)-4-methyl-benzenesulfonohydrazide (BDMMBSH)- Pb2+ complex (proposed) based on [26].
Figure 5
Figure 5
Chemical structure of 1,3,5-tris(p-tolylethynyl)benzene (CMP-1) and 1,3,5-tris((4’-methyl-[1,1’-biphenyl]-4-yl)ethynyl)benzene (CMP-2).
Figure 6
Figure 6
Chemical structure of CMP-LS7 and CMP-LS8.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Chemical structure of dendrimer 1,1,2,2-tetrakis(4-(9’H-[9,3’:6’,9’’-tert-carbazol]-9’-yl)phenyl)ethene (TPETCz).
Figure 8
Figure 8
Chemical structure of carbazole-based porous polyaminals (PAN-C, PAN-C–Br, and PAN-C–OCH3).
Figure 9
Figure 9
The general process of creation of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs).
Figure 10
Figure 10
Three basic types of MIP-based sensors.
Figure 11
Figure 11
Example of bio-platform for a specific analyte recognition, which can be adopted in LOC device.
Figure 12
Figure 12
Scheme based on [129], showing the modification of gold-plated substrate, determination and circulating tumor cells (CTCs) release.
Figure 13
Figure 13
Schematic draw of electrochemically-actuated microvalve based on two electrodes (Zn/PT and modified Pt) described by Biswas et al., based on [131].
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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