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Review
. 2021;50(2):141-149.
doi: 10.1159/000508278. Epub 2020 May 28.

Cytokine Blood Filtration Responses in COVID-19

Khaled Al Shareef  1 , Mohsen Bakouri  2   3
Affiliations
Review

Cytokine Blood Filtration Responses in COVID-19

Khaled Al Shareef et al. Blood Purif. 2021.

Abstract

The real issue with the COVID-19 pandemic is that a rapidly increasing number of patients with life-threatening complications are admitted in hospitals and are not well-administered. Although a limited number of patients use the intensive care unit (ICU), they consume medical resources, safety equipment, and enormous equipment with little possibility of rapid recovery and ICU discharge. This work reviews effective methods of using filtration devices in treatment to reduce the level of various inflammatory mediators and discharge patients from the ICU faster. Extracorporeal technologies have been reviewed as a medical approach to absorb cytokines. Although these devices do not kill or remove the virus, they are a promising solution for treating patients and their faster removal from the ICU, thus relieving the bottleneck.

Keywords: Blood filtration devices; COVID-19; Coronavirus; Cytokine adsorption; Membranes.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this article.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
CytoSorb beads under a microscope [13].
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
CytoSorb configuration. a Standalone; b Pre-dialyzer; c Post-dialyzer [14].
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Cytokine level after adding CytoSorb [15].
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Cytokine level before, during and after treatment with CVVHD-HCO membrane [18].
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Cytokine level before initiation and during the treatment [21]. a TNF-α concentration; b Interleukin-6 concentration; c Interleukin-8 concentration; d Interferon-γ concentration.
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
Cytokine level before initiation and during the treatment [25]. a IL-1 (ng/mL); b IL-2 (ng/mL); c IL-6 (ng/mL); d IL-8 (ng/mL); e IL-10 (ng/mL); f TFN-α (fmol/mL).
Fig. 7
Fig. 7
Cytokine level in combined and CVVH groups [26].
Fig. 8
Fig. 8
Inflammatory mediators' level for AN69ST-CHDF treatment [27].
Fig. 9
Fig. 9
TNF-α and IL-6 level removal using CPFA + CVVH group and CVVH group [31].
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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