ENIGMA brain injury: Framework, challenges, and opportunities

Emily L Dennis^{1

2

3}, David Baron⁴, Brenda Bartnik-Olson⁵, Karen Caeyenberghs⁶, Carrie Esopenko⁷, Frank G Hillary^{8

9}, Kimbra Kenney^{10

11}, Inga K Koerte^{12

13}, Alexander P Lin¹⁴, Andrew R Mayer^{15

16}, Stefania Mondello¹⁷, Alexander Olsen^{18

19}, Paul M Thompson^{3

20}, David F Tate^{1

2}, Elisabeth A Wilde^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Neurology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
² George E. Wahlen Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
³ Imaging Genetics Center, Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Marina del Rey, California, USA.
⁴ Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California, USA.
⁵ Department of Radiology, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, California, USA.
⁶ Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia.
⁷ Department of Rehabilitation and Movement Sciences, Rutgers Biomedical Health Sciences, Newark, New Jersey, USA.
⁸ Department of Psychology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA.
⁹ Social Life and Engineering Sciences Imaging Center, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA.
¹⁰ Department of Neurology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
¹¹ National Intrepid Center of Excellence, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
¹² Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
¹³ Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany.
¹⁴ Center for Clinical Spectroscopy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
¹⁵ Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA.
¹⁶ Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA.
¹⁷ Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
¹⁸ Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
¹⁹ Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.
²⁰ Department of Neurology, Pediatrics, Psychiatry, Radiology, Engineering, and Ophthalmology, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, California, USA.

PMID: 32476212
PMCID: PMC8675432
DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25046

Review

ENIGMA brain injury: Framework, challenges, and opportunities

Emily L Dennis et al. Hum Brain Mapp. 2022 Jan.

. 2022 Jan;43(1):149-166.

doi: 10.1002/hbm.25046. Epub 2020 Jun 1.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Neurology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
² George E. Wahlen Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
³ Imaging Genetics Center, Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Marina del Rey, California, USA.
⁴ Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California, USA.
⁵ Department of Radiology, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, California, USA.
⁶ Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia.
⁷ Department of Rehabilitation and Movement Sciences, Rutgers Biomedical Health Sciences, Newark, New Jersey, USA.
⁸ Department of Psychology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA.
⁹ Social Life and Engineering Sciences Imaging Center, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA.
¹⁰ Department of Neurology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
¹¹ National Intrepid Center of Excellence, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
¹² Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
¹³ Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany.
¹⁴ Center for Clinical Spectroscopy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
¹⁵ Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA.
¹⁶ Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA.
¹⁷ Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
¹⁸ Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
¹⁹ Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.
²⁰ Department of Neurology, Pediatrics, Psychiatry, Radiology, Engineering, and Ophthalmology, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, California, USA.

PMID: 32476212
PMCID: PMC8675432
DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25046

Abstract

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of disability worldwide, but the heterogeneous nature of TBI with respect to injury severity and health comorbidities make patient outcome difficult to predict. Injury severity accounts for only some of this variance, and a wide range of preinjury, injury-related, and postinjury factors may influence outcome, such as sex, socioeconomic status, injury mechanism, and social support. Neuroimaging research in this area has generally been limited by insufficient sample sizes. Additionally, development of reliable biomarkers of mild TBI or repeated subconcussive impacts has been slow, likely due, in part, to subtle effects of injury and the aforementioned variability. The ENIGMA Consortium has established a framework for global collaboration that has resulted in the largest-ever neuroimaging studies of multiple psychiatric and neurological disorders. Here we describe the organization, recent progress, and future goals of the Brain Injury working group.

Keywords: ENIGMA; TBI; brain injury; concussion; neuroimaging.

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Conflict of interest statement

P. M. T. received partial research support from Biogen, Inc. for research unrelated to this manuscript. The views expressed in this manuscript are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy of the Department of Army/Navy/Air Force, Department of Defense, or U.S. Government.

Figures

**FIGURE 1**
Organization of ENIGMA and the Brain Injury working group. 22q DS, 22q11.2 deletion syndrome; AD, anxiety disorder; ADHD, attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder; CNV, copy number variation; dMRI, diffusion magnetic resonance spectroscopy; EEG, electroencephalography; FTD, frontotemporal dementia; GWAS, genome‐wide association study; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; MDD, major depressive disorder; OCD, obsessive compulsive disorder; PTSD, posttraumatic stress disorder; rsfMRI, resting state functional MRI; tbfMRI, task‐based fMRI; TBI, traumatic brain injury. Adapted from Thompson et al.,

See this image and copyright information in PMC

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ENIGMA brain injury: Framework, challenges, and opportunities

Affiliations

ENIGMA brain injury: Framework, challenges, and opportunities

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

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References

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MeSH terms

Grants and funding

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources

Medical

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