Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2020 May;21(3):e43.
doi: 10.4142/jvs.2020.21.e43.

New genotype classification and molecular characterization of canine and feline parvoviruses

Hee Chun Chung #  1 , Sung Jae Kim #  1 , Van Giap Nguyen #  2 , Sook Shin  3 , Jae Young Kim  4 , Suk Kyung Lim  5 , Yong Ho Park  6 , BongKyun Park  7
Affiliations

New genotype classification and molecular characterization of canine and feline parvoviruses

Hee Chun Chung et al. J Vet Sci. 2020 May.

Abstract

Background: Canine parvovirus (CPV) and feline panleukopenia (FPV) cause severe intestinal disease and leukopenia.

Objectives: In Korea, there have been a few studies on Korean FPV and CPV-2 strains. We attempted to investigate several genetic properties of FPV and CPV-2.

Methods: Several FPV and CPV sequences from around world were analyzed by Bayesian phylo-geographical analysis.

Results: The parvoviruses strains were newly classified into FPV, CPV 2-I, CPV 2-II, and CPV 2-III genotypes. In the strains isolated in this study, Gigucheon, Rara and Jun belong to the FPV, while Rachi strain belong to CPV 2-III. With respect to CPV type 2, the new genotypes are inconsistent with the previous genotype classifications (CPV-2a, -2b, and -2c). The root of CPV-I strains were inferred to be originated from a USA strain, while the CPV-II and III were derived from Italy strains that originated in the USA. Based on VP2 protein analysis, CPV 2-I included CPV-2a-like isolates only, as differentiated by the change in residue S297A/N. Almost CPV-2a isolates were classified into CPV 2-III, and a large portion of CPV-2c isolates was classified into CPV 2-II. Two residue substitutions F267Y and Y324I of the VP2 protein were characterized in the isolates of CPV 2-III only.

Conclusions: We provided an updated insight on FPV and CPV-2 genotypes by molecular-based and our findings demonstrate the genetic characterization according to the new genotypes.

Keywords: Canine parvovirus; classification; feline parvoviruses; genotype.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1. Results of IFA based on fluorescence microscopy. Specific IFA staining of CRFK cells infected by CPV (Rachi) and FPV (Gigucheon, Rara, and Jun) isolates at passage level 10. The specific Alexa Fluor® 488 (Green) images (arrow marked; gray color) were taken 24 h post-inoculation. The white scale bar in the micrographs = 100 µm.
IFA, immunofluorescence assay; CPV, canine parvovirus.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2. Bayesian phylo-geographical analysis and classification between FPVs and CPVs. The phylogenetic trees were reconstructed from (A) complete genome, (B) NS1, (C) VP1, and (D) VP2 genes. Three genotypes of CPV-2 were indicated as CPV 2-I (green color), CPV 2-II (blue color), and CPV 2-III (yellow color) and 1 genotype FPV (black color). Number shown on the node of phylogenetic tree were posterior probability. In this study, the CPV and FPV strains were highlighted with red color. Moreover, Korea strains were presented with gray color.
CPV, canine parvovirus; FPV, feline panleukopenia virus.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3. Amino acid substitutions in epitope in this strains (Rachi, Rara, Jun, and Gigucheon) 40 field Korean strains. (A) Amino acid alignment of the VP2 protein between CPVs and FPVs. The 23 aa already known B cell linear epitope [19] on the VP2 protein are shaded in gray. The aa substitutions attenuation are indicated by solid arrows. (B) Shaded areas in aa (1 to 23 aa) are regions where antigenic indexes were different due to aa variations between in this study strains (Rara, Jun, Gigucheon) and the other Korean FPV and CPV strains.
aa, amino acid; CPV, canine parvovirus; FPV, feline panleukopenia virus.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Kelly WR. An enteric disease of dogs reselmbing feline panleucopaenia. Aust Vet J. 1978;54(12):593–593. - PubMed
    1. Shackelton LA, Hoelzer K, Parrish CR, Holmes EC. Comparative analysis reveals frequent recombination in the parvoviruses. J Gen Virol. 2007;88(Pt 12):3294–3301. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Appel MJ, Cooper BJ, Greisen H, Scott F, Carmichael LE. Canine viral enteritis. I. Status report on corona- and parvo-like viral enteritides. Cornell Vet. 1979;69(3):123–133. - PubMed
    1. Decaro N, Desario C, Parisi A, Martella V, Lorusso A, Miccolupo A, Mari V, Colaianni ML, Cavalli A, Di Trani L, Buonavoglia C. Genetic analysis of canine parvovirus type 2c. Virology. 2009;385(1):5–10. - PubMed
    1. Barker IK, Povey RC, Voigt DR. Response of mink, skunk, red fox and raccoon to inoculation with mink virus enteritis, feline panleukopenia and canine parvovirus and prevalence of antibody to parvovirus in wild carnivores in Ontario. Can J Comp Med. 1983;47(2):188–197. - PMC - PubMed