Skin-to-skin contact at birth for vaginally delivered neonates in a tertiary care hospital: A cross-sectional study

Abstract

Background: Neonates undergoing skin-to-skin contact (SSC) have shown to have better cardiovascular stability, improved duration of breastfeeding, temperature maintenance and bonding. The primary objective was to estimate the existing prevalence of SSC among mother-infant dyads in the first hour after vaginal delivery, and the secondary objective was to ascertain the factors affecting adherence of SSC after vaginal delivery.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in a tertiary care teaching hospital between September 2017 and December 2017. All mother-newborn dyads in the labour room were eligible for the study. Mothers with their newborns, who gave multiple births, or with major congenital malformations or those requiring any form of resuscitation or having respiratory distress or requiring observation in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) were excluded. All included mother-newborn dyads, after exclusion, were observed for SSC, and the duration in each dyad was recorded. All enrolled mothers, the attending doctors and nurses were asked questions based on a prevalidated questionnaire for the possible barriers of implementation.

Results: Of a total of 164 mother-infant dyads studied, only 34 (20.7%) carried out SSC for more than 30 min. Sixty-two (37.8%) mother-infant dyads did not participate in any SSC. The commonest reason for non-adherence to SSC was unawareness about the practice in 82.25%, followed by pain and exhaustion after the labour process in 8%.

Conclusion: The rate of SSC at birth is suboptimal, and the commonest reason is lack of awareness about this important step of essential newborn care.

Keywords: Barriers; Hypothermia; Skin-to-skin contact.

Fig. 1

Fishbone analysis of poor adherence of skin-to-skin contact (SSC) at birth.